After fast bowler Khaled Ahmed (2-59) had South Africa opener Sarel Erwee (24) caught by wicketkeeper Litton Das, Taijul claimed the next three wickets.
Skipper Dimuth Karunaratne made 52, while Kusal Mendis (48) and Dhananjaya de Silva (33) also contributed with the bat for the tourists.
Bangladesh defeated Ireland by seven wickets in their one-off Test on Friday, comfortably chasing down the 138 runs needed for victory on the fourth day in Mirpur.
India took a 1-0 lead in their two-Test series against Bangladesh after winning the first match in Chattogram by 188 runs.
IMAGES from day 3 of the 1st Test between Bangladesh and India played in Chottogram on Friday.
Images from Day 2 of the first Test between Bangladesh and India, at Chattogram, on Thursday
Images from Day 1 of the first Test between Bangladesh and India, at Chattogram, on Wednesday.
KL Rahul's tactical acumen will be tested along with his batting prowess when a depleted Indian team clashes with a tricky Bangladesh
By the time India came out to bat, Bangladesh's attack had already lost some teeth with skipper Shakib Al Hasan (shoulder) and seamer Ebadot Hossain (back) unable to bowl with injuries suffered during the match.
Left-arm wrist spinner Kuldeep Yadav registered his career-best match figures as India quickly wrapped up Bangladesh's second innings for a comprehensive 188-run win in the first Test.
Naseem Shah removed Najmul Hossain, Taijul Islam and Mahmudullah before Bangladesh finished day three of the opening Test
"You expect wickets to turn in the sub-continent, and after this, we will be playing an important series against Australia where wickets are expected to turn," Rathour said on the eve of the second and final Test in Mirpur.
'They are the prized wickets aren't they, it is like bowling to (Sachin) Tendulkar'
Bangladesh trail by 224 runs and still needed 25 runs to avoid the follow-on at the end of Day 4.
Babar capitalised on an early reprieve to score a career-best 143 not out when bad light forced early stumps with Pakistan 109 ahead with seven wickets remaining.
The stage will also be set for Virat Kohli to score his first Test hundred since November 2019.
BCB named Mahmudullah as the T20 captain, while Mominul will lead the Test side during their much-anticipated tour of India
In recent years, India's batters have struggled against spin.
Images from Day 3 of the second and final Test between Bangladesh and India in Dhaka, Mirpur on Saturday.
Tamim Iqbal and Imrul Kayes produced a record 273-run partnership in an unbroken opening stand to help Bangladesh whittle down Pakistan's huge lead to 23 runs at the close of the penultimate day of the opening Test at Khulna on Friday.
Bangladesh, who were shot out for 106 in their first essay, were reduced to 13 for four at one stage but the visitors ended the second day at 152 for six, courtesy a combative half-century from Mushfique Rahim (59 batting) and Mahmudullah, who retired hurt after scoring 39.
India captain Virat Kohli embellished the pink-ball Test with a sparkling century and his quick bowlers reduced Bangladesh to 152-6 as the hosts closed on a 2-0 series sweep on day two of the second and final Test.
The Indian captain also went past the former Australian captain for most Test centuries as skipper.
Shakib Al Hasan and Tamim Iqbal scored centuries as Bangladesh took charge of the second Test against Zimbabwe in Khulna. The hosts, who plodded to 193-3 on the opening day after electing to bat, made 433 in their first innings before being dismissed in the final session of the second day.
Bangladesh opener Imrul Kayes hit an unbeaten half-century as the hosts took a lead of 128 with seven second-innings wickets remaining against England on the second day of the second and final Test in Dhaka, on Saturday.
Paceman Ben Stokes picked up the two remaining wickets in three balls as England won the thrilling first Test against Bangladesh at Chittagong by 22 runs on the final morning to keep their perfect record against the Asian side intact. While England needed two wickets for their ninth Test win against Bangladesh in as many matches, the hosts also had the chance of a famous victory, requiring 33 runs when they resumed on 253 for eight.
Bangladesh lost four wickets in the final session to slump to 214 for five on day two of their second and final Test against Sri Lanka on Thursday.
Images from Day 2 of the one-off Test between India and Bangladesh in Hyderabad on Friday
Former skipper and pacer Mashrafe Mortaza, who was left out of the 24-man ODI preliminary squad announced on January 4, has not been named in the final squad.
Hamilton Masakadza defied Bangladesh's spinners with an unbeaten 154 to take Zimbabwe to a respectable position in the second Test in Kulna. The tourists had reached 331-5 in their first innings by stumps on the third day, trailing Bangladesh's total of 433 by 102.
Afghanistan extended their lead over Bangladesh to 374 at the end of play on day three of the One-off Test
Rohit Sharma and Virat Kohli continued to be the best-placed Indians in the batting chart, while off-spinner Ravichandra Ashwin held on to second spot among bowlers in the latest ICC Test Player ranking, release on Wednesday.
Ishant Sharma and his pace colleagues wreaked havoc with the pink ball to put India in charge of their maiden day-night Test against Bangladesh at the Eden Gardens in Kolkata.
Bangladesh effectively batted the tourists out of the match when they declared on 560-6 with a handsome lead of 295 runs.
Pakistan left-arm quick Shaheen Afridi claimed 4-53 as the hosts bowled out Bangladesh for 233 in their first innings on Day 1 of the opening Test in Rawalpindi on Friday.
Mathews inspired Sri Lanka to its first One-day international series sweep in more than three years
All-rounder Soumya Sarkar has been rewarded for his strong domestic performance with a spot in Bangladesh's 15-man World Cup squad.
Shakib Al Hasan lit up his 50th test with all-round brilliance to help Bangladesh claim a handy first-innings lead over a listless Australia in the second Test on Monday.
Captain Virat Kohli scored a record-breaking fourth double hundred as India's batsmen came up with a dominating performance to pile up a massive 687 for 6 declared on the second day of the one-off Test against Bangladesh, in Hyderabad.
Former spinner Daniel Vettori will prepare Bangladesh for the tour of India later this year and a trip to New Zealand in 2020.