The CBI had summoned Karti to appear before it on October 4.
The senior Congress leader's role has come under the scanner of investigating agencies in the Rs 3,500-crore Aircel-Maxis deal and the INX Media case involving Rs 305 crore.
The father-son duo are in the radar of the probe agencies in another case concerning the Aircel-Maxis deal.
Chidambaram and his son Karti were named in the chargesheet filed by the Central Bureau of Investigation in the case on July 19.
The Central Bureau of Investigation had called Karti for questioning on Thursday in connection with the foreign investment clearance given in the Aircel-Maxis deal in 2006 when his father Chidambaram was the finance minister.
Karti, through his lawyer, has refused to appear before the agency saying a special court had discharged all the accused in the matter.
The CBI and the ED said that new material has been recovered which needs to be collated.
Declining urgent hearing, the top court observed that judges have more cases 'than they can handle'.
The ED said that Chidambaram has remained evasive and therefore grant of pre-arrest bail at this stage would be highly detrimental to the investigation.
The sources said the matter should have been referred to the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs as foreign investments above Rs 600 crore (Rs 6 billion) can only be cleared by Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs headed by the Prime Minister.
Chidambaram was competent to give approval of upto Rs 600 crore but he gave the approval which was worth approximately Rs 3,500 crore