Petrova sustained a groin injury before her shock first-round defeat to Akiko Morigami at the French Open last month.
Wimbledon champion Amelie Mauresmo suffered a surprise loss to unseeded Ukrainian Julia Vakulenko at the German Open on Friday, as world number one Justine Henin moved smoothly into the quarter-finals.
Former world number one Lindsay Davenport continued her remarkable comeback by crushing third seed Julia Vakulenko of Ukraine 6-4, 6-1 in the Quebec City Challenge final on Sunday.
Serena Williams beat Julia Vakulenko of Ukraine 7-5, 6-2 to reach the quarter-finals in Stuttgart.
The third seeded Russian rallied to beat the American to reach the semi-finals of the Warsaw Cup.
The Indian ace won her first qualification match but lost the next.
Defending champion Nadia Petrova was also shown the door in the quarter-finals of the German Open.