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lp¡d`¡S> > h^y kdpQpfp¡ >
dps©h„v$_p
...Ðepf¡ dp h^y hlpgu b_u S>su lp¡hu Å¡CA¡
20 S|>_, 2003
kyiugp Th¡fu
`yõsL$ dpsp_¡ A`®Z L$ep®_u Ap `„[¼s : dpf¡ d_ drldph„su R>¡. OZp„ hjp£ `R>u kÐe gpÝey„ L¡$ Äep„ Äep„ iyÙ â¡d R>¡, Ðep„ â¡d R>¡, Ðep„ dp R>¡ S>. S>¡d Äep„ Äep„ N„Np hl¡ R>¡ Ðep„ `rhÓ S>m R>¡, A¡d Äep„ iyÙ â¡d lp¡e, Ðep„ dp lp¡e S> A¡hy„ kduL$fZ ApÐdk„sp¡j dpV¡$ ip¡^u L$pY$éy„.
dp_p¡ Ag`Tg` Tp„Mp¡`p„Mp¡ Ql¡fp¡ rQÑdp„ A„L$pe¡gp¡ R>¡. gp„bp¡ Ql¡fp¡, íepd hZ®, KQpC kpfu, kfMy„ `psmy„ ifuf _¡ s¡S>õhu Ap„Mp¡.
kp¥\u `l¡gy„ õdfZ : X$p¡¼V$f_¡ Ðep„ gC S>hu `X$u lsu. sph dp`hp \fdp¡rdV$f d|¼ey„. lp¡CA¡ Ðep„\u buS>¡ Qpgu S>hp_u âL©$rs. \fdp¡rdV$f rhkfpC Ney„, _¡ lp\ `lp¡mp \C Nep, \fdp¡rdV$f awV$u Ney„. dp S>fp Nyõk¡ \C. `Z dpf¡ A¡ Nyõkp\u ¼ep„ g¡hpv¡$hp R>¡. dpf¡ sp¡ dp_p õdfZ_y„ kyM dpZhy„ R>¡, Ðepf¡ ê$r`ep L¡$ ApW$-bpf Ap_p_y„ \fdp¡rdV$f s¡d A¡ ê$r`ep_u qL„$ds `Z s¡V$gu S>.
A¡hy„ S> buSy>„ õdfZ : Of\u ÓuS>¡ O¡f v¡$iu v$hpMp_y„. Äep„ v$hp b_phhp cÌ$u_p¡ D`ep¡N \pe. `p„Q-kpX$p `p„Q hfk_u Dçdf. lp\dp„ s`¡gu Ap`u L$l¡, Å, fpM gC Aph (hpkZ kpa L$fhp). lz„ NC, cÌ$u KX$u A_¡ lz„ _p_u, lp\ `lp¢Q¡ _l]. A„Npfp L$S>mu Ne¡gp, A¡V$g¡ fpM S> v¡$Mpe. d¢ sp¡ c|kL$p¡ dpep£, _¡ Ly$dmp `N Nfd fpM\u v$pTu Nep. fX$pfp¡m, v$p¡X$pv$p¡X$, `Z dpA¡ _p_u bl¡__p Op¡qX$epdp„ kyhpX$u, `N¡ v$hp gNpX$u. v$pTu lsu, `Z Op¡qX$epdp„ k|hp_y„. lSy>e l]Qp¡msu dp_y„ rQÓ Tp„My„ _\u \ey„.
Ad¡ b¡ bl¡_p¡, lz„ dp¡V$u _¡ kydrs _p_u. b¡ hÃQ¡ ÓZ hj®_p¡ afL$. A¡L$ S> \pmudp„ S>duA¡. L¡$fu_p b¡ cpN `pX$u Apàep. L¡$fu_u R>pg Äep„ _p_u bl¡_¡ d|L$u, Ðep„ S> d¢ d|L$u, L¡$ b¡ bpSy> S>du_ N„v$u _ \pe. _p_udp kdÄep„, L¡$ b^u S> L¡$fu _p_u bl¡_ MpC NC. Nyõk¡ \C `|R¹>ey„, _p_u sy„ b^u L¡$fu MpC NC? S>fp hpf Q|` flu, `n`ps duW$p¡ gpÁep¡, `R>u A„v$f\u L$p¡CL¡$ L$üy„, kpQu hps L$lu v¡$hu Å¡CA¡. bp_p bpmL$_u c|g, L¡$ X$lp`Z_¡ Ap`Z¡ Ap`Zu S> ×rô$\u Å¡CA¡ R>uA¡. bp A_¡ _p_u hÃQ¡_y„ hp¼eyÙ epv$ R>¡. ""s_¡ dpfu _p_u Ndsu S> _\u.'' dp¡V$p \ep `R>u kdÅey„ L¡$ `p¡sp_u A¡L$_u A¡L$ v$uL$fu_¡ v$uL$fp_u A`¡npdp„ buÆ v$uL$fu Aphu lp¡e, _¡ A„v$f_p¡ AZNdp¡ AÅN°s`Z¡ ìe¼s \sp¡ lp¡e, A_¡ `yfpZp k„õL$pf A¡dp„ r_rdÑ lp¡C iL¡$. Apd dp¡kpm `Z v$uL$fp rh_p_y„ S> lsy„. dpf¡ dpdp, dpku, L$pL$p, ap¡C, L$p¡C _l].
L$Þepipmpdp„ cZhp S>su. bpm`p¡\u S>ê$fu lsu, `Z bp_p V$p¡L$hp R>sp„ r`spÆ c|gu S>sp. A¡L$ qv$hk gphu_¡ ku^p õL|$g¡ Ap`hp Apìep, _¡ rinL¡$ hp„Qhp L$üy„, ApMu L$X$L$X$pV$ AphX$su, `Z X$f gpÁep¡ L¡$ ApMu L$X$L$X$pV$ hp„Qu S>Ci sp¡ Np¡MZ`Ë$u gpNi¡, A¡V$g¡ AV$L$u AV$L$u hp„Qu. A¡hp A¡hp k„v$c£ dpsp_y„ õdfZ L$fu gJ Ry>„. lp¡e, A¡\ue _ lp¡e Ðepf¡ dp h^y hlpgu b_u S>su lp¡hu Å¡CA¡.
_p_u bl¡__¡ fdpX$sp„, Ly$Vy„$buAp¡, Ap_„v$ Mpsf A¡_¡ `S>hsp„. A_¡ d_¡ `Z A¡_y„ A_yL$fZ L$fhp_y„ d_ \ey„. A_¡ bpA¡ L$üy„, bl¡_, Ap`Zu bl¡__¡ Ap`Zp\u A¡hy„ _ L$fpe, _¡ ÅZ¡ A¡ iåv$p¡ A¡L$v$d gpNZu_¡ õ`i} Nep. A¡ hps dpf¡ dpV¡$ L$p¡C ip÷ kdu b_u NC. A¡ bp¡gpe¡gp iåv$p¡ kp\¡ õ\m _¡ L$pm dpfp rQÑdp„ rQÓ b_u A„L$pC Nep R>¡ `Z L¡$ÞÖdp„ dp R>¡.
A¡ `l¡gp„ _p_u bl¡_ `l¡g¡ dpm¡\u `X$u Ne¡gu. _¡hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ kX$L$_p QuQp `Õ\f E`ku Aph¡gp. bl¡__¡ dpA¡ KQL$u gu^u _¡ L$p„C hpÁey„ _\u, A¡d L$lu `pZu L¡$ bfa_p¡ L$p¡C D`ep¡N L$ep£ _l]. A¡ fX$su bl¡__¡ Mp¡mpdp„ gC b¡W¡$gu dp_y„ ×íe rQÑdp„ A„qL$s R>¡. A¡_¡ A„v$f CÅ `lp¢Qu li¡. s¡ hpgp¡X$ `lp¢Qsp„_u kp\¡ S> bl¡_ budpf `X$u. ÓZ¡L$ drl_p_u budpfu cp¡Nhu, huk qv$hk b¡cp_ flu, d©Ðey `pdu A_¡ A¡ `R>u huk qv$hk, drl_pdp„ _p_udp_p¡ hpfp¡ Apìep¡. `p„Xy$fp¡N, ApS>_p¡ A¡r_rdep. `¡V¡$ X$pd `Z v¡$hX$pìep. A¡ S>„Nrges A_¡ A„^îÙp ApQfpsu d¢ _S>f¡ Å¡C. `p¡sp_u A¡L$_u A¡L$ v$uL$fu _ bQ¡ A¡ AcL$ `¡ku NC. A_¡ A¡ AcL$ kp\¡ S> Nep„ _p_udp.
A¡ `R>u bp_p¡ hpfp¡ Apìep¡. d©Ðey_p ApW¡$L$ qv$hk `l¡gp„ S> d¢ hj® bv$ëey„. kps `|fp„ L$fu ApW$dpdp„ âh¡i L$ep£. bpA¡ L$l¡gy„ : bl¡_, ApS>¡ spfu hfkNp„W$, hfkNp„W$_p¡ Ap_„v$, _¡ _ ES>hpe¡gp_p¡ f„S>. A¡ dp_y„ qv$g sp¡ dp `pk¡ S> lp¡e. buS>¡ ¼ep„e _ dm¡. Ðepf `R>u S>Þdqv$hk ES>hpep R>¡, `Z _ ES>hpe¡gpdp„ S>¡ Dódp_p¡ A_ych L$ep£, A¡hp¡ L$v$u \ep¡ _\u.
dpsp_p¡ A„rsd qv$hk lsp¡ A¡ sp¡ L$p¡C_¡ S> Mbf _lp¡su. V$u.bu.hpmp_u `pk¡ S>hpe _l]. A_¡ dp_y„ qv$g _ füy„. b^p„_¡ Ap„Op„`pR>p„ Å¡C, d_¡ `pk¡ bp¡gphu, dp\¡ lp\ a¡fhu L$üy„, ""bl¡_ spf¡ lh¡ Al] S> fl¡hp_y„ R>¡.'' `\pfudp„ b¡kpX$u s¡ hX$ugp¡A¡ Å¡C gu^y„. _¡ Nyõkp¡ L$fu d_¡ Ðep„\u M¢Qu gu^u. A¡d_¡ l¥e¡ sp¡ dpfy„ rls S> hk¡gy„. `Z b¡e ApÐdp_u A^|f`_u sX$`_ L$p¡Z ÅZ¡? lp, d_¡ A¡L$ hpf A¡_u bp\dp„ kdpC S>hp dþey„ lp¡s sp¡ A¡ `fd kyM_y„ õdfZ dpf¡ l¥e¡ S>X$pC Ney„ lp¡s. Mpgu l¥ep_p¡ A¡L$ M|Zp¡ R>gp¡R>g lp¡s.
dpf¡ hpgp¡X$ flu cZhy„ A¡hy„ bpA¡ S> _½$u L$ey¯ lsy„. r`spÆ_¡ v$pv$p kpQhu _l] iL¡$, A¡ L$pfZ¡ dpsp_p„ dpku `pk¡ ER>fu. ÓZ NyS>fpsu cZu. v$k `|fp„ _¡ ArNepfd¡ hfk¡ ipmp R>p¡X$u. A¡V$g¡ d__¡ M|b A¡L$gy„ gpNsy„. d_ kdL$n dpV¡$ sfksy„. A¡ dpsp_p„ dpku AcZ, gpNZu rkhpe L$p¡C `|„Æ _l] A¡d_u `pk¡. A¡d L$l¡hsp¡ _¡ S>¡ sm`v$p iåv$p¡ hp`fsp, A¡ kprlÐe_p NZpe, D`ep¡Ndp„ Aph¡ A¡hp. ""bl¡_ `¥lp d|L$hp sp¡ L„$C lp¡ S>Np dm¡, `Z hps L$fhp L¡$Õ\¡ qv$g _u dm¡.'' ""tS>v$Nudp„ Ap¡R>p hfTp¡mp Å¡ep R>¡?'' Ap`Z¡ `|R>uA¡ sp¡ A\® kdÅhu _ iL¡$. `Z A¡ b^y„ kp„cmsp„ dpfu kdn L$p¡C ApNhu k©rô$ MX$u \su _¡ d_ âkÞ_ \C S>sy„.
dpsp_¡ Ns \ep„_¡ 1928\u 1990- `|fp„ bpkW$ hj® \ep„. d©Ðey_p buÅ hj£ õhS>_p¡ kp\¡ dp¡kpm_y„ Of Ah¡fhp Nep„ Ðepf¡ S>¡ gpNZu \e¡gu A¡ A¡L$ L$pìedp„ ìe¼s L$fu R>¡. `Z A¡L$ `yõsL$dp„\u L$p¡C h°s_u rhr^dp„ bp_p lõspnf dþep. A¡ ApW$ hj®_u Dçdfdp„ _ L$p¡C `pL$uV$, _ L$p¡C L$bpV$. hpgp¡X$-kyfs Aphhy„ _¡ S>hy„. _¡ kpkf¡ `fZu_¡ NC Ðep„e Of bv$gpep„ L$ep¯. A¡L$ hpf hfkp¡ `l¡gp„ dy„bC fl¡hp Apìep„. ê$d gu^u. afu kyfs Nep„. hjp£ `R>u v$uL$fp `fZu Nep, `R>u afu dy„bCdp„ r_hpk r_ròs \ep¡. R>sp„ A¡ QbfMu lSy> kQhpC flu R>¡. khpf_p¡ L$pNm kp„S>¡e ¼ep„L$ dyL$pC Åe, _¡ lp\ _ Aph¡. A¡\u Ap lõspnf_y„, _¡ s¡ kQhpep_y„ d|ëe dpf¡ d_ A_¡L$NÏ„ R>¡. Apòe® `Z R>¡.
gÁ_ g¡hpep„. s¡ S>dp_pdp„ d¢ õh¡ÃR>pA¡ `k„v$ L$f¡gu ìe[¼s dpV¡$ kNp„Ap¡_p¡ rhfp¡^ lsp¡. A¡V$g¡ \C A¡V$gu A`dpr_s L$fu A_¡ d¢ A\® gu^p¡, dp _\u, A¡V$g¡ S> Ap b^p„ ApS>¡ Ry>Ë¡$ dp¢A¡ bp¡g¡ R>¡. A¡d_p A„Ns apev$p, _yL$kp_ A„v$f lsp„ S>. dp¡kpm_u A_¡ r`sp_u hpfkv$pf A¡L$_u A¡L$ v$uL$fu. A¡ Å¡ `p¡sp_p„ Np„X$p, Nbgp kp\¡ Aph¡ sp¡ R>p¡L$fu _¡ `¥kp¡ b¡e Aph¡ A¡ bpÆ A¡L$ _pv$p_ R>p¡L$fuA¡ K^u hpmu A¡ kl_ L$fhy„ dyíL¡$g bÞey„.
dpfp kpkf¡ dpfp gÁ__u Þeps S>dsu lsu. qfhpS> dyS>b dpfp hX$ugp¡ A¡ Þepsdp„ S>dhp _ Aphu iL¡$. s¡ dpfp¡ k„b„^ ÐeÆ, Þeps_¡ hl¡hpf¡ S>dhp Apìep. _¡ qfhpS> dyS>b lz„ `p_buX$p„ hl¢Qhp _uL$mu Ðepf¡ Qpf hpf bp_u dpku_u v$uL$fu_¡ dpku L$lu_¡ b|d `pX$u, R>sp„ _uQy„ Å¡C Nep„. KQy„ Å¡C `p_ _ gu^y„. Ap b^u hpsdp„ L¡$ÞÖdp„ dp S> lsu.
gÁ__¡ qv$hk¡ ApMp¡ qv$hk L$pd `lp¢Ãey„, kp„S>¡ gÁ_ `l¡gp„ _dÏ„ (gÁ_ `l¡gp„_y„ dp\pbp¡m õ_p_) L$fhp_p¡ kde \ep¡. `Z gÁ__u L$p¡C lp¢i _lp¡su. `l¡gp„ \sy„ L¡$ dpf¡ iy„ Nydphhp_y„ R>¡ L¡$ fX$hy„ Aph¡¡? Å¡ kpkf¡ S>sp„ fX$hy„ _ Aph¡ sp¡ gp¡L$p¡ iy„ L$l¡i¡? `Z _dÏ„ L$fsp„ dp M|b kp„cfu _¡ fX$hy„ S>¡ iê$ \ey„ s¡ Ap„ky_p¡ ^p¡^ M|V$ép¡ S> _l].
Qp¥v$ hj®_u Dçdf. ApMp qv$hk_p¡ \pL$. kNp„_¡ Ðep„ Y$p„L$hp NC. sp¡ L$l¡ Adpfu cpZ¡S> sp¡ dfu NC. gÁ_hpmu R>p¡L$fuA¡ Ap b^y„ kp„cmhy„ `X¡$, Ðepf¡ A¡_pdp„ gÁ__p¡ Dd„N ¼ep„\u V$L¡$?
r`spÆA¡ gÁ__u tQsp L$fu, L$`X$p„ bp_p„ dmi¡. `Z S>¡d_u `pk¡ lsp„ s¡Ap¡A¡ dpÞey„ L¡$ afu Aphi¡ Ðepf¡ Ap`uiy„ A¡V$g¡ dpfu `pk¡ `¥kp_u S>¡ L$p„C kNhX$ lsu A¡dp„\u khp ê$r`ep_u L$p¡V$_ kpX$u kpfu dmsu A¡d c¡Nu L$fu kpkf¡ gC NC. `rsA¡ sfs S> L$üp rh_p, bÅfdp„\u kpX$u gphu Ap`u.
dp rh_p kpkfp-r`ef_p glphp, v$uL$fu_u dp¢OpC-kp¢OpC L$p¡Z L$f¡! kud„s hMs¡ L¡$ â\d k„sp__p S>Þd hMs¡ dp_u L¡$V$gu S>ê$f lp¡e! fkp¡Cep-OpV$u_¡ iy„ Mbf `X¡$! iy„ Ap`hy„ _¡ iy„ _ Ap`hy„? d_dp„ lp¢i lsu L¡$ d¢ S>¡ Ap¡R>` cp¡Nhu A¡ dpfu v$uL$fu _ cp¡Nh¡. `Z k„Å¡Np¡ L$p„C A¡hp kÅ®ep L¡$ dpfu A¡ lp¢i `Z Ly$v$fs¡ `|fu _ \hp v$u^u.
õL|$g\u õdip_ blz v|$f _l]. Ry>Ë$udp„ bpfudp„ Ecu flu A¡ qv$ipdp„ Å¡ep L$fy„. ÅZ¡ dp EW$u_¡ Aphi¡ A¡hp¡ Åvy$ \pe A¡hy„ KX¡$ KX¡$ \pe. ÓuÅ ^p¡fZdp„ dp¥qML$ `funpdp„ `„Qdlpg rS>ëgp_p spgyL$p `|R>¡gp, Ðepf¡ sp¡ ÓZ S> lsp : Np¡^fp, L$pgp¡g _¡ v$plp¡v$. `Z _ AphX$éy„. d_dp„ b^y„ S> Aõ`ô$. _ AphX$ép A¡V$g¡ _p`pk S> \Ci. A¡hp¡ ¿epg _l] L¡$ \p¡Xy„$ _ AphX¡$ sp¡ `pk sp¡ \hpe. Ap cedp„ Ofdp„ `|R>hpdp„ Apìey„. L$pNm hp„Qsp„ AphX¡$? d¢ L$üy„ L$½$p¡ AphX¡$ A¡_¡ L$pNm hp„Qsp„ AphX¡$. `R>u Mbf `X$u L¡$ kpkf¡ S>C kyMvy$:M_p¡ L$pNm gM¡ A¡V$gy„ R>p¡L$fu dpV¡$ bk. _p`pk \Ciy„ A¡ ce¡ cZhp_u rS>Ø _ L$fu. A¡d_¡ L¡$ d_¡ ¼ep„ Mbf lsu L¡$ dp¡V$p \C OZp L$pNm bNpX$hp_p R>¡.
dp_y„ A¡L$ rQÓ. S>¥_p¡_p ^prd®L$ hfOp¡X$pdp„, DR>pdZu bp¡gu, rh¼V$p¡qfepdp„ iZNpfu, bpmL$p¡ b¡kpX¡$. (Ap„b¡g.) d_¡ ka¡v$ ¾¡$` rkëL$_y„ T|gT|ghpmy„ äp¡L$, dp\¡ åëey h¡gh¡V$_u V$uL$u kgdp¡ cf¡gu V$p¡`u _¡ O|„V$Z ky^u_p„ ka¡v$ dp¡Å„ `l¡fph¡gp„. rbgLy$g q¾$ròe_ gpNsu lp¡Ci `Z dpsp_¡ d_ `p¡sp_p„ k„sp_ dpV¡$ A_p¡Mu dpÞesp S> lp¡su li¡.
dp_p d©Ðey_¡ qv$hk¡ dp ^prd®L$ kp„cmhp BÃR>su lsu. S>¥_ ^d®_y„ ÅZ_pf cpC `qfrQs_¡ bp¡gpìep. fpÓ¡ ArNepf ky^u kp„cþey„, cpC_¡ KO QX$u'su. bpA¡ L$üy„, \p¡Xy„$ k„cmphp¡ _¡! cpCA¡ L$üy„, bl¡_, lh¡ L$pg¡. L$p¡_¡ Mbf, L$pg `X$hp_u S> _lp¡su. dp¡Yy„$ g|R>hp L$V$L$p¡ lp\dp„ gu^p¡ _¡ dp\y„ Y$pmu v$u^y„, ÅZ¡ ed Ap¡iuL¡$ fpl Å¡C b¡W$p¡ lsp¡. L¡$hy„ kfk d©Ðey!
d_¡ b^y„ `su Nep `R>u, ib_p„ v$i®_ L$fhp gC Nep„. A¡ v$k-huk k¡L„$X$, d¢ A¡ bpSy> S>hp M¢Qphp dp„X$éy„, `Z L$v$pQ X$fu ÅJ A¡d kdÆ, d_¡ d©Ðey `pd¡gu dp_¡ Å¡hp_u d_cfu sL$ _ dmu. d_ d|Y$ \C Ney„ lsy„. Ðep„ A¡L$ õhS>_ `pk¡ gC S>C b¡kpX$u lsu. s¡Ap¡ bp¡ëep, ""dp dfu NC R>¡, R>sp„ R>p¡L$fu fX¡$ R>¡?'' A¡ kp„cmu dpfu Ap„Mdp„ Ap„ky S>ê$f Aphu Nep„. `Z c¢L$X$p¡ spZu fX$hp_y„ _ bÞey„. d_ kph k|_y„ lsy„. s¡ qv$hk¡ kp„S>¡ armepdp„ A¡L$ S>Z_p Ap¡V$gp_p `Nr\e¡ L|$sfp_u `pk¡ S>C_¡ b¡W$u. s¡ Of_p„ dpÆA¡ L$üy„, ""dp rh_p_u bp`X$u ÅZ¡ L|$sfy„ _¡ `p¡s¡ L$p¡C Sy>v$p„ S> _\u A¡hu fus¡ b¡W$u R>¡.''
Ap¡riepmp`Ï„ _¡ ce d_dp„ Of L$fu Nep„. A¡L$ hpf X$f_p dpep® fpÓ¡ Quk `pX$u EW$u. R> sph \ep¡ _¡ dNS> Mku Ney„. v$pZpv$p¡fp L$p„C L$ey¯ lp¡e sp¡ Mbf _\u, `Z L$`X$p„ a¢L$u v¡$su, lksu, spmuAp¡ `pX$su, A¡ b^y„ v$hp\u dV$éy„. S>¡dZ¡ dpfu bp, bl¡_, v$pv$u_u QpL$fu L$fu lsu, A¡d_p dp\¡ lz„e `X$u. cNhp_¡ A¡d_y„ F>Z Q|L$hhp_p \p¡X$p Ahkf Apàep, `Z Mf¡Mf sp¡ F>Z L$v$u a¡X$psy„ S> _\u. `Z A¡ qv$hkp¡dp„ _½$u L$ey¯ L¡$ X$fhp\u Np„X$p \C S>hpe A¡V$gu lv¡$ X$fhy„ _l]. _¡ d¢ A„^pfpdp„ S>hp_p âep¡N L$fu, X$f tS>v$Nucf dpV¡$ Æsu gu^p¡. d_ A¡hy„ \C Ne¡gy„ L¡$ L$p¡C sfa\u \sp AÞepe kpd¡ dp¥_ flu AÞepe klu g¡hp¡. L$pfZ Ap`Ï„ L$p¡C _\u. A¡_u Qfdkudp Aphsp„ d__¡ s¥epf L$ey¯. L$p¡C _\u A¡\u iy„? cg¡ L$p¡C _ lp¡e. `Z AÞepe kl_ _ L$fhp¡. A¡_p¡ rhh¡L$\u S>hpb hpmhp¡. A¡L$ qv$hk kp„cmu gC v$k qv$hk vy$:Mu \hy„ A¡_p L$fsp„ ârsL$pf L$fu A¡dp„\u dy¼s \C S>hy„.
dpfu dpsp dÝed hN®_p ârs[óW$s r`sp_u `yÓu, _p_p_y„ hug hp„Qsp„ ÅÎey„ L¡$ 1903dp„ S>Þd. _¡ _p_pA¡ hug L$ey¯ Ðepf¡ dp R> drl_p_u lsu. 1920dp„ dpfp¡ S>Þd _¡ 1928dp„ dpsp_y„ d©Ðey, A¡V$g¡ Qp¡huk hfk_u A¡_u Dçdf lp¡C iL¡$. buÅ_u `pk¡ kp„cm¡gy„ L¡$ d_¡ cZphhp_u blz lp¢i lsu, suh° BÃR>p lsu. L$v$pQ A¡ `p¡s¡ h_p®¼eygf apB_g ky^u cZu lsu `Z A¡_u A^|fu A¡jZp A¡ dpfp Üpfp `|fu L$fhp dpNsu lp¡e _¡ A¡ bmhÑf BÃR>p_y„ fkpeZ Nc®dp„ kp„`X$éy„. A¡_y„ S> S>¡ L$p„C lp¡e A¡ S> lz„ `pdu Ry>„ A¡d A„sf_u îÙp\u dp_y„ Ry>„.
dps©h„v$_p rhcpN_p AÞe g¡Mp¡ hp„Qhp Al] [¼gL$ L$fp¡
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sdpfp dpV¡$
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