_w»`n¥ð>

  ^{dî`\$b  
  {gZo_m  
  {Xb-bJr  
  naXoer  
  {dXoe  
  nm{H$ñVmZ  
  Aßgam  
  gohV  
  ~mOma  
  {H«$Ho$Q>  
  Iob g_mMma  
  AmO H$s ~mV  



gM©   



ZoQ>

ar{S>\$

 






AÝ` I~a|
~mobVr Vñdra|
nm§M gdmb
MMm© _|
~m°Šg Am°{\$g
Z`o Mohao
N>moQ>r-~S>r ~mV|
{\$ë_ g_rjm
X{jU ^maV go



_w»`n¥ð> > {gZo_m > MMm© _|



27 OyZ 2003




J§^ra A{^ZoÌr H$hbmZo H$s V_Þm h¡-H$arZm
~mbrdwS AXH$mam H$arZm H$nya IwX H$mo CËVoOH$ Zm{`H$m H$ho OmZo go ~hwV XwIr h¡ Am¡a MmhVr h¡ {H$ CgH$r {JZVr gmW©H$ ^y{_H$mE§ H$aZo dmbr A{^ZoÌr H$o ê$n _o§ hmo&



23 OyZ 2003




"^yV' H$r g\$bVm go ~m°brdwS> H$s Jm‹S>>r Mb>r
am_ Jmonmb d_m© H$o ehar "^yV' Zo Bg ~ma ~m°brdwS H$o Mohao na Sa H$r ~Om` _wñH$mZ bm¡Qm Xr h¡Ÿ&



20 OyZ 2003




{eënm eoÅ>r Ho$ {nVm Zo gyaV _| AmË_g_n©U {H$`m
H${WV hâVm dgybr H$o EH$ _m_bo _o§ {\$ë_ A{^ZoÌr {eënm eoÅr H$o {nVm gwao§Ð eoÅr Zo AmO ewH«$dma H$mo gyaV H$r C_am nw{bg Mm¡H$r _o§ AmË_g_n©U H$a {X`m &



20 OyZ 2003




_¡½Zm gmD$§S Amem ^mogbo H$mo 1.12 H$amo‹S> XoJr
_w§~B© CÀM Cƒ Ý`m`mb` Zo g§JrV H$§nZr _¡½Zm gmD$§S H$mo AmXoe {X`m {H$ nmœ© Jm{`H$m Amem ^mogbo H$mo ~H$m`m &-&2 H$amoS- é$n`o H$m ^wJVmZ H$ao &



{nN>bo A§H$



gb_mZ ZB© {\$ë_ ~ZmZo H$s V¡`mar _|
gb_mZ ImZ Ho$ A_o[aH$m _| H$m`©H«$_ \$sHo$ ahoŸ& {díd ^a _| ~mbrdwS> Ho$ Ord§V emo Ho$ {bE `h ~mV Am_ hmoVr Om ahr h¡Ÿ&
""gwnmar' _| _¢ ^Ôm Am¡a _¡bm-Hw$M¡bm hÿ§''
`e Mmon‹S>m H$m N>moQ>m ~oQ>m CX` Mmon‹S>m nX²>_ Hw$_ma H$s "gwnmar' H$mo AnZo H¡$[a`a H$s ZB© ewéAmV _mZVm h¡
H$_b hgZ {\$ë_ "g§{X`ma' H$m Zm_ ~Xb|Jo
à{gÕ A{^ZoVm Am¡a {Z_m©Vm H$_b hgZ H$r ZB© {\$ë_ "g§{X`ma' H$mo boH$a CRo {ddmX H$o {\$ë_ H$o Zm_ ~XbZo H$o CZH$o \¡$gbo go W_Zo H$r g§^mdZm h¡&
Am{_a H$m nhbm å`y{OH$ dr{S>`mo
O~ ^r My_ boVm hÿ§ BZ hgrZ Am§Im| H$mo, gm¡ {MamJ A§Yoao _| {Pb{_bmZo bJVo h¢Ÿ...
"^yV' H$s g\$bVm go Z`m CËgmh
Zdmo{XV {ZX}eH$ gwOmo` Kmof Zo H$Q>mj {H$`m, ""_oar "P§H$ma ~rQ²>g' (JmZm|dmbr) am_Jmonmb d_m© H$s "^yV' h¡Ÿ&
JbVr H$aZo na emhéI S>mQ>Vo Wo-amZr
gwZhao S>mB© {H$`o Ho$e Am¡a H$mOb H$s aoI bJr Am§Im| dmbr amZr _wIOu H$mo 6 df© Ho$ {\$ë_ H¡$[a`a _| H$B© {hQ> {\$ë_m| H$m lo` Zht {_bm h¡Ÿ&
11 {hÝXr {\$ë_|, Omo Amn XoIZm Mmh|Jo
AJa am_ Jmonmb d_m© H$s "^yV' _m¡{bH$ H$ënZm na AmYm[aV h¡ Vmo JmoqdX _oZZ H$s "»dm{he' AmW©a {hba H$s gXm~hma hmbrdwS> amo_m§g "bd ñQ>moar' go CYma br JB© h¢Ÿ&
"NmoQo ~ƒZ'bJo h¢ AnZo H$mo ~XbZo _§o
~m°brdwS _o§ {nNbr Ag\$bVmAmo§ Zo A{^foH$ ~ÀMZ H$mo ~Xb {X`m h¡ Am¡a A~ "NmoQo ~ÀMZ' {g\© AnZr ^y{_H$mAmo§ H$mo g§dmaZo _o§ Ü`mZ XoZm MmhVo h¢
_§S>obm na {\$ë_-A{_Vm^ ^y{_H$m MmhVo h¢$
b§XZ AmYm[aV E{e`Z {JëS> H$m bmB\$Q>mB_ EMrd_|Q> nwañH$ma ^maV Ho$ g~go ~‹S>o H$bmH$ma Ho$ nwañH$mam| go ^ao VmO _| EH$ Am¡a aËZ bJ gH$Vm h¡Ÿ&
eara {XImZo _| ~wamB© Š`m h¡Ÿ?
Hw$N> df© nhbo emhê$I ImZ H$mo `h H$hVo CX²Y¥V {H$`m J`m Wm, "O~ H$moB© {\$ë_ âbmn hmoVr h¡ Vmo bmoJ 25,000 ~hmZo ~VmVo h¢
Mw§~Z boZm gm_mÝ` ~mV h¡-_{„H$m eoamdV
AmYm {XZ ~rV J`m Am¡a ngrZo-ngrZo hmoH$a _¢ Mbm Bg gmb H$s g~go M{M©V {\$ë_m| _| go EH$ "»dm{he' H$s A{^ZoÌr _{„H$m eoamdV go {_bZoŸ&
Š`m ~mŠg Am{\$g na {g¸o$ IZH|$Jo?
hË`m Ho$ amµO, Zd{ddm{hV Omo{‹S>`m§ Am¡a `m¡Z g§~§Ym| H$s hmñ` {\$ë_| ~mbrdwS> H$s OyZ _mh _| namogo OmZo H$s gyMr h¡Ÿ&
qhXr {\$ë_m| _o§ ~‹T ahr h¡ Z¾Vm
hmb H$o {XZmo§ _o§ {Og Vah {\ë_mo§ _o§ Z½ZVm H$mo "~r' Am¡a "gr' J«oS go CRm H$a "E' XO} H$m ~ZmZo H$r H$mo{ee H$r J`r h¡
~m°Šg Am°{\$g na S>a OrVoJm `m OmXy?
Bg ewH«$dma H$mo Xmo {\$ë_| [abrO hmo ahr h¢ - am_ Jmonmb d_m© H$s "^yV' Am¡a gm¡{_Ì amZS>o H$s "OO§Va_ __§Va_'Ÿ&
`o _m°S>b g\$b hm|Jr {\$ë_m| _|?
`o b‹S>{H$`m§ ~ohX Iy~gyaV h¢Ÿ& Am¡a CZ_| `h gm{~V H$aZo H$s Ñ‹T>Vm h¡ {H$ ~hþV nhbo go ~Zr YmaUm Ho$ {dnarV BZ _mS>bm| H$mo A{^Z` H$aZm AmVm h¡Ÿ&
{eënm H$mo {\$ë_ CÚmoJ H$m Á`mXm g_W©Z
~mbrdwS> _| Am`m ñH¢$S>b H$m Vy\$mZ W_ OmZo Ho$ gmW hr {\$ë_r n[adma Ho$ Á`mXm go Á`mXm gXñ` {eënm eoÅ>r Am¡a CgHo$ _mVm-{nVm Ho$ g_W©Z _| AmZo bJo h¡Ÿ&
n§M_ Xm na EH$ Am¡a {\$ë_ AJbo _mh
EH$ Amoa Vmo {Z_m©VmAm| Am¡a {dVaH$m| Ho$ ~rM {ddmX Mb ahm h¡ Xygar Amoa _m{\$`m H$m {eH§$Om h¡ Omo {\$ë_ CÚmoJ Ho$ ApñVËd H$mo hr IVao _| S>mbo hþE h¡Ÿ& Am
"H${aí_m'$-ghmam H$r CÀMV_ Ý`m`mb` _| Jwhma
Ý`m`_y{V© EZ g§Vmof hoJSo Am¡a Ý`m`_y{V© {edamO dr nm{Qb H$r AdH$meH$mbrZ nrR Zo Bg _m_bo na gwZdmB© H$o {b`o 22 _B© H$r VmarI V` H$r h¡ &
Am{Ia `h {\$ë_ {H$gH$s h¡?
_w§~B© Ho$ _Zmoa§OZ CÚmoJ _| H$hm{Z`m| H$s "Mmoar' Ho$ {Ibm\$ ~ma~am Q>oba ~«oS>\$moS>© H$s "b‹S>mB©' ~hþV nhbo hr ewê$ hmo OmZr Mm{hE WrŸ&
^maVr` {\$ë_m§o H$mo ~mbrdwS _V H${hE-A{_Vm^
M{M©V A{^ZoÌr {eënm eoÅr H$o {nVm Zo n¡go H$o boZ-XoZ H$o {ddmX _o§ {JaâVmar go ~MZo H$o {bE _w§~B© _o§ AXmbV H$m XadmOm IQIQm`m h¡&
nX} na {gJaoQ nrZo _o§ Aìdb Z§~a emhéI
Xoe _o§ {d{^ÝZ ^mfmAmo§ _o§ ha gmb ~ZZo dmbr H$ar~ 900 {\$ë_mo§ _§o {gJaoQ nrZo H$o X¥í`mo§ H$r ^a_ma hmoVr h¡ Am¡a "MoZ ñ_moH$a' _mZo OmZo dmbo emhê$I ImZ {nNbo 12 gmb _o§ ~So nX} na H$ar~ 109 ~ma {gJaoQ \$y§H$ H$a "Z§~a dZ' na nhw§M J`o h¢&
{eënm eoÅr H$o {nVm H$s O_mZV AOu na gwZdmB©
M{M©V A{^ZoÌr {eënm eoÅr H$o {nVm Zo n¡go H$o boZ-XoZ H$o {ddmX _o§ {JaâVmar go ~MZo H$o {bE _w§~B© _o§ AXmbV H$m XadmOm IQIQm`m h¡&
~m°brdwS>-AJbo ewH«$dma VH$ Š`m hmoJm
EH$ Amoa Vmo {Z_m©VmAm| Am¡a {dVaH$m| Ho$ ~rM {ddmX Mb ahm h¡ Xygar Amoa _m{\$`m H$m {eH§$Om h¡ Omo {\$ë_ CÚmoJ Ho$ ApñVËd H$mo hr IVao _| S>mbo hþE h¡Ÿ& Am
A~ ^r "~m±S Jb©' ~ZZo H$r Amg Eoe H$mo
{\$ë_mo§ _o§ àdoe H$o gmV gmb H$o ^rVa hr ~m°brdwS H$o AmH$me na Nm OmZo dmbr {\$ë_ A{^ZoÌr Eoœ`© am` H$mo A~ ^r Bg ~mV H$r Amem h¡
_¢Zo B{Vhmg ~Zm`m - ö{VH$
ö{VH$ amoeZ H$m H$hZm h¡, "ào_' H$m nmÌ _¢ H$a ahm hÿ§Ÿ&' dh A{^foH$ ~ƒZ Am¡a H$arZm H$nya Ho$ gmW gyaO H$s "_¢ ào_ H$s XrdmZr hÿ§' _| H$m_ H$a ahm h¡Ÿ&
A_o[aH$m _| Q>Z©a M¡Zb na ~mbrdwS> _hmoËgd
A_o[aH$m _| `h "~m°brdwS> _m¡g_' h¡Ÿ& g§Vwï> H$aZo `m Z H$aZodmbr {\$ë_ XoIZo Ho$ {bE H$moB© 10 S>mba H$m {Q>H$Q> IarXZo H$s OéaV ZhrŸ&
gb_mZ {ddmX-{ddoH$ Zo H$hm amV J`r,~mV J`r
{\$ë_ A{^ZoËmm {ddoH$ Amo~am` Zo {nNbo {XZmo§ gb_mZ ImZ na OmZ go _maZo H$r {_br Y_H$r Ho$ ~mX CRo {ddmX H$mo Vyb XoZo go ~MVo hwE H$hm h¡
_Zrfm H$moBambm H$m amOZr{V _o§ AmZo H$m g§H$oV
{\$ë_ A{^ZoÌr _Zrfm H$moBambm Zo H$b ~wYdma H$mo ñnîQ ê$n go g§H$oV {X`m {H$ dh {ZH$Q ^{dî` _o§ amOZr{V _o§ àdoe H$a gH$Vr h¢ &
{Z_m©VmAmo§,{dVaH$mo§ H$r bSmB© VoO,Z`m g§JRZ ~Zm
goQobmBQ àgmaU A{YH$ma H$mo boH$a {\$ë_ {Z_m©VmAmo§ Am¡a {dVaH$mo§ _o§ {NSr O§J H$o ~rM H$b ~wYdma H$mo {Z_m©VmAmo§ H$o g§`wº$$_§M Zo EH$ Z`m g§JRZ ~ZmZo H$r KmofUm H$rŸ&
"EH$ Otg, Mma eQ©' O¡gr {\$ë_| MmhVo h¢ emhéI
g_«mQ AemoH$ Am¡a XodXmg O¡go _hmZ {H$aXmamo§ H$r ^y{_H$mAmo§ H$mo nX} na CVmaZo dmbo {\ë_ A{^ZoVm emhê$$I ImZ A~ AnZr amo_m§{QH$ N{d _o§ AmZo H$mo ~oVm~ h¢ Am¡a CZH$m H$hZm h¡









  _w»`n¥ð>

  ^{dî`\$b  
  {gZo_m  
  {Xb-bJr  
  naXoer  
  {dXoe  
  nm{H$ñVmZ  
  Aßgam  
  gohV  
  ~mOma  
  {H«$Ho$Q>  
  Iob g_mMma  
  AmO H$s ~mV  

1996 - 2003 ar{S>\$.H$m°_ B§{S>`m {b{_Q>oS> gdm©{YH$ma gwa{jV