DÑfpeZ-dL$fk„¾$p„rs_p sl¡hpf r_rdÑ¡ A¡V$g¡ L¡$ 14du ÅÞeyApfuA¡ Adv$phpv$ Mps¡ v$f hj£ Ap„sffpô²$ue `s„Np¡Ðkh_u DS>hZu L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Myëgp ApL$pi l¡W$m k|e®_p TmlmpV$ s¡d S> Å¡fv$pf `h__p k\hpf¡ Ak„¿e `s„Np¡ NN__¡ f„Np¡\u cfu v¡$ R>¡. Ap hj£ `Z DÐkh¡ S>dphV$ L$fu gu^u R>¡.

riepmp_p A„s cpN¡ Ap DS>hZu \pe R>¡, Äepf¡ D_pmp_p¡ âpf„c \hp_¡ lSy> hpf lp¡e R>¡. Ap qv$hk v$frdep_ NyS>fpscfdp„ `s„N QNphpe R>¡ A_¡ Adv$phpv$, kyfs s¡d S> hX$p¡v$fp ÅZ¡ L¡$ `s„N DX$pX$_pfp„ il¡f b_u Åe R>¡. Al] Ap qv$hk¡ sdpd L$pdp¡ c|gu S>hpe R>¡ A_¡ kOmu tQspAp¡ Aphsu L$pg `f lX$k¡gu v¡$hpe R>¡. dp¡V$p cpN¡ Myëgp d¡v$p_ L¡$ bpNdp„ A\hp L$p¡C_p Of_p bNuQp L¡$ ANpiudp„ Mpk cp¡S>_ Apfp¡Nhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. ^prd®L$ gp¡L$p¡ dpV¡$ `Z Ap qv$hk DÐkh_p¡ qv$hk R>¡. k|e® Ap qv$hk\u `©Õhu_p DÑf Np¡mp^® sfa âepZ L$f¡ R>¡. cNhp_ L¡$ S>¡Ap¡ R> drl_p_p Npmp dpV¡$ k|C Nep lp¡hp_y„ d_pe R>¡ s¡Ap¡ `y_: ÅN¡ R>¡ A_¡ afu\u õhN®_p„ Üpf Myëgp„ dyL$pe R>¡ A¡hu A¡L$ dpÞesp R>¡. d„qv$fp¡ cprhL$p¡\u Ecfpe R>¡ A_¡ Ry>Ë$p lp\¡ rcnyL$p¡_¡ v$p_ A`pe R>¡.

hl¡gu khpf\u `s„N DX$pX$hp_y„ iê$ \pe R>¡ A_¡ L$p¡C `Z Ås_p rhfpd hNf A¡ L$pe® ApMp¡ qv$hk Qpg¡ R>¡. rdÓp¡, `pX$p¡iuAp¡ s¡d S> k„`|Z® A`qfrQsp¡ A¡L$buÅ\u `p¡s¡ QqY$epsp kprbs \hp k„Oj® M¡g¡ R>¡. A_¡ Äepf¡ L$p¡C ìe[¼s `p¡sp_p ârsõ`^}_p¡ `s„N L$p`¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ L$pe`p¡ R>¡..._p¡ NN_c¡v$u Ýhq_ Ny„Æ EW¡$ R>¡. `s„Np¡dp„ `Z h¥rhÝesp Å¡hp dm¡ R>¡ A_¡ r_óZpsp¡ `p¡sp_¡ S>¡ Å¡CA¡ R>¡ s¡ cps_p `s„N_u `k„v$Nu L$fu g¡ R>¡. `s„N_¡ S>¡_p k\hpf¡ ApL$pidp„ KQ¡ QX$phpe R>¡ s¡ v$p¡fu `Z Ap Mpk qv$hk_u `|h® k„ÝepA¡ r_óZpsp¡ `pk¡ Mpk s¥epf L$fphpe R>¡. Ny„v$f A_¡ L$pQ_p c|L$p_p Mpk qdîZ hX¡$ v$p¡fu dp„S>hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡ kyL$pep bpv$ s¡_¡ aufL$u `f h]V$hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Ap v$p¡fu Å¡ bfpbf dp„S>hpdp„ Aphu lp¡e sp¡ s¡_p S>fp`Z b¡v$fL$pfu`|h®L$_p D`ep¡N\u Ap„NmuAp¡ L$`pC iL¡ R>¡.

Ap fp¡dp„Q fpÓ¡ `Z e\phs¹ fl¡ R>¡. fpÓ¡ Mpk `s„N D`f QX$phpe R>¡ A_¡ s¡ `R>u v$p¡fu kp\¡ "sy½$g' A\hp "ap_k'_p _pd¡ Ap¡mMpsp„ _p_L$X$p„ `pfv$i®L$ f„Nu_ bp¡¼k QX$phhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ S>¡dp„ kmNph¡gu duZbÑu d|L$hpdp„ Aphu lp¡e R>¡. A„^pfu fpÓuA¡ Ap "sy½$g' ApL$pidp„ A¡L$ A_p¡Mu cps `pX¡$ R>¡.

v$f¡L$ dp¡V$p il¡fdp„ Ap qv$hk¡ `s„N DX$pX$hp_u õ`^p®_y„ Apep¡S>_ L$fu_¡ DÐkh_p Dd„N_¡ h^pfhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Ap qv$hk¡ Adv$phpv$dp„ Ap„sffpô²$ue `s„N dlp¡Ðkh_y„ Apep¡S>_ \pe R>¡. rhðcfdp„\u âhpkuAp¡ A_¡ õ`^®L$p¡ Al] Aph¡ R>¡.

dygpL$psuAp¡-õ`^®L$p¡ `s„N rhi¡ h^y ÅZL$pfu d¡mhhp_u rS>opkp fpMsp lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ s¡d_u rS>opkp Adv$phpv$_p çeyrTeddp„ k„sp¡jpe R>¡ L¡$ Äep„ `s„N_p f„Nb¡f„Nu Brslpk_u rhõs©s ÅZL$pfu dmu fl¡ R>¡. V|$„L$dp„ L$luA¡ sp¡ C.k. `|h£ 200dp„ Qu__p lp¥_ \p„N¡ l¡_ W$pd_¡õV$u_p k¥Þe¡ fpÓ¡ `s„N DX$pìep¡ lsp¡. C.k. `|h£ 100\u —500 ky^u k„L¡$sp¡ dp¡L$ghp dpV¡$ s¡d S> vy$íd_p¡_u R>phZu_y„ A„sf dp`hp dpV¡$ `s„N_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fhpdp„ Aphsp¡ lsp¡. C.k. 930dp„ Å`p_uAp¡A¡ â\d hpf "iufp¡iu' L¡$ S>¡_p¡ dsgb L$pNm_y„ `nu \pe R>¡ s¡_p¡ Dëg¡M L$ep£ R>¡. C.k. 960\u 1126 v$frdep_ Qu_dp„ `s„N DX$pX$hp_u fds gp¡L$râe b_u lsu. _hdp drl_p_p _hdp qv$hk¡ v¥$Ðep¡_¡ v¡$ir_L$pg L$fhp dpV¡$ `s„N DX$pX$hpdp„ Aphsp lsp. cpfsue kprlÐedp„ `s„N_p¡ Dëg¡M d„Tp_ Üpfp d^ydsudp„ L$fpep¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡dp„ Dëg¡Mpe¡gy„ "`s„N' _pd ApS>¡ `Z D`ep¡Ndp„ g¡hpe R>¡.

kyfsdp„ rhð_p î¡›$ `s„NbpÅ¡ c¡Np \ep

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?