qh¾$d hL$ug, kyfs

kyfs L$p¡`p£f¡i__u Q|„V$Zudp„ cpS>`_p Dd¡v$hpf AS>e Qp¡L$ku A¡L$dpÓ A¡hp Dd¡v$hpf R>¡ L¡$ S>¡dZ¡ ape_pÞk d¡_¡S>d¡ÞV$_p rhje kp\¡ A¡d.bu.A¡._u qX$N°u d¡mhu lp¡e A_¡ bu.L$p¡d._u qX$N°u Np¡ëX$ d¡X$g kp\¡ d¡mhu lp¡e. AX$^p cZ¡gp A_¡ AcZ Dd¡v$hpfp¡dp„ AS>e Qp¡L$ku Sy>v$p sfu Aph¡ R>¡. qfqX$a.L$p¡dA¡ kyfs_u rkrhL$ kdõep_¡ gNsp Ab®_ X¡$hg`d¡ÞV$_¡ gNsp âï_p¡_u A¡d_u kp\¡ QQp® L$fu. A¡L$ il¡f ky„v$f b_phhpdp„ L$ep L$ep Ahfp¡^ Aph¡ R>¡ s¡_p¡ kQp¡V$ A„v$pS> Ap dygpL$ps v¡$ R>¡.

A¡L$ kpdpÞe L$p¡`p£f¡V$f b_hp dpV¡$ ApV$gu lz„kpsy„ku ip dpV¡$? L$fp¡X$p¡_p hluhV$dp„\u dmsu L$V$L$u dpV¡$?
S>¡ `n kÑp `f Aphhp_u i¼esp lp¡e A¡ `n_u qV$qL$V$ d¡mhhp dpV¡$ S> L$pe®L$fp¡ `X$p`X$u L$f¡ R>¡. cpS>`_u kæek„¿ep R>¡ëgp„ \p¡X$p„ hjp£ v$fçep_ M|b h^u NC R>¡. k„NW$__p rhrh^ L$pe®¾$dp¡dp„ lpS>fu h^su Åe R>¡. Q|„V$Zu _ÆL$ Aph¡ Ðepf¡ v$f¡L$ L$pe®L$f_u A`¡np h^u Åe R>¡. v$f¡L$_p L$p¡CL$ _¡ L$p¡CL$ Np¡X$ap^f lp¡e R>¡. s¡d_p Üpfp `Z Q|„V$Zu gX$hp_u kgpl Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Å¡L¡$ _h hj® `l¡gp„ lz„ Äepf¡ `l¡gu hMs Q|„V$Zu gX$ép¡ lsp¡ Ðepf¡ ly„ L$p¡C `Z A`¡np hNf Q|„V$Zu gX$ép¡ lsp¡. lz„ dp_y„ Ry>„ L¡$, S>¡ `n_u kÑp `f Aphhp_u i¼esp _l] lp¡e A¡_u qV$qL$V$ d¡mhhp dpV¡$ Mpk ^kpfp¡ \sp¡ _\u.

kyfs_p X¡$hg`d¡ÞV$dp„ iy„ M|V¡$ R>¡? Q|„V$pe¡gp¡ `n h^y iy„ L$fu iL¡$?
R>¡ëgp„ `p„Q hj® v$frdep_ kyfs il¡f_p rhL$pk dpV¡$ OZp„ L$pdp¡ \ep„ R>¡, `f„sy lÆ gp¡L$p¡dp„ rkrhL$ k¡Þk rhi¡_y„ rinZ A_¡ riõs_p¡ Acph M|V¡$ R>¡. b^p„ Apep¡S>_ L$fu_¡ tkNp`yf S>¡hy„ il¡f sp¡ b_phu iL$pe, `f„sy riõs hNf A¡_¡ V$L$phu iL$pe _l]. d_¡ gpN¡ R>¡ L¡$ gp¡L$p¡dp„ rkrhL$ k¡Þk rhL$kphhp_u S>ê$f R>¡. Ap rinZ L$ep„ sp¡ rdqX$ep Üpfp A\hp sp¡ buÅ L$p¡C dpÝed Üpfp Ap`u iL$pe. Ariõs ApQf_pfpAp¡A¡ L¡$hp âL$pf_u kÅ buÅ v¡$ip¡dp„ cp¡Nhhu `X¡$ R>¡ A¡_p rhi¡ `Z âÅ_¡ dprlsu Ap`u iL$pe. kyfsdp„ rkrhL$ L$pev$pAp¡_p¡ c„N L$f_pf `pk¡\u A¡L$ hj®dp„ 1,025 L$fp¡X$ ê$r`ep_p A¡X$¹rdr_õV²¡$qV$h QprS>®k hk|g L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Ap fL$d il¡f A_¡ kdpS>_p rhL$pk dpV¡$ S> L$pd gpN¡ R>¡.

L$p¡`p£f¡V$f_u âp\rdL$ S>hpbv$pfu L$C lp¡hu Å¡CA¡?
lÆ> Ap`Z¡ Ðep„ gp¡L$p¡_¡ A¡ hps_p¡ ¿epg _\u L¡$ L$p¡`p£f¡V$f, ^pfpkæe A_¡ k„kv$kæe_u S>hpbv$pfu hÃQ¡ iy„ a¡f R>¡. S>¡ âï_ lg L$fhp_u kÑp ^pfpkæe L¡$ k„kv$kæe_u `pk¡ R>¡ A¡hp âï_p¡ gC_¡ `Z gp¡L$p¡ L$p¡`p£f¡V$f `pk¡ Aph¡ R>¡. L$v$pQ A¡d_¡ gpNsy„ li¡ L¡$, ^pfpkæe L¡$ k„kv$kæe A¡d_p `lp¢Q_u blpf R>¡. L$p¡`p£f¡V$fp¡ kpdpÞe âÅ kp\¡ h^y k„`L®$dp„ fl¡sp lp¡hp\u gp¡L$p¡_¡ A¡d_u kp\¡ ApÐduesp gpN¡ R>¡. Ad¡ Q|„V$ZuâQpfdp„ S>CA¡ A¡V$g¡ dp¢Ohpfu rhi¡ L¡$ huS>mu_u kdõep rhi¡ gp¡L$p¡ aqfepv$p¡ L$f¡. L$p¡`p£f¡V$f_u âp\rdL$ S>hpbv$pfu rkrhL$ krh®k_u R>¡. bu.`u.A¡d.ku. A¡¼V$dp„ S>Zph¡gu S>hpbv$pfu A_¡ afÅ¡ D`fp„s L$p¡`p£f¡V$fp¡A¡ L¡$V$guL$ A¡hu afS> `Z bÅhhp_u lp¡e R>¡ L¡$ S>¡ afrS>eps _\u. fds-Nds_p„ d¡v$p_p¡ rhL$kphhp L¡$ b_phhp_p¡ Dëg¡M Apdp„ L$fu iL$pe. kyfsdp„ Ad¡ ê$. 22 L$fp¡X$_p MQ£ BÞX$p¡f õV¡$qX$ed b_pìey„. v¡$i_y„ L$v$pQ Ap A¡L$ î¡›$ BÞX$p¡f õV¡$qX$ed li¡. Adpfp rhfp¡^uAp¡ V$uL$p L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ad¡ BÞX$p¡f õV¡$qX$ed b_phu_¡ ^p¡mp¡ lp\u bp„Ýep¡ R>¡, `f„sy õV¡$qX$ed L¡$ gpBb°¡fu S>¡hu hõsyAp¡ b_phsu hMs¡ _ap-Mp¡V$_p¡ rlkpb Å¡hp¡ Å¡CA¡ _l]. kdpS> dpV¡$_u Ap b^u k¡hpAp¡ R>¡.

L$p¡C `Z A¡L$ `n_¡ dmsu k„`|Z® blzdsu_¡ L$pfZ¡ kÑp^ui `n `f L$p¡C Q¡L$ fl¡sp¡ _\u A_¡ `n aph¡ s¡hp r_Z®ep¡ gC iL¡$ R>¡ A¡d _\u gpNsy„?
gp¡L$ipludp„ h^y `np¡ lp¡e A¡ AphL$pe® R>¡, `f„sy rhfp¡^ `n gpeL$ _ lp¡e L¡$ knd _ lp¡e Ðepf¡ âÅ iy„ L$f¡? rhfp¡^ `n_u c|qdL$p r_cphu iL¡$ A¡hp Dd¡v$hpfp¡ sp¡ rhfp¡^ `np¡A¡ `k„v$ L$fhp Å¡CA¡_¡? lz„ dp_y„ Ry>„ L¡$ ipk_ `n_u k„`|Z® blzdsu lp¡e Ðepf¡ S> il¡frls_p ApL$fp r_Z®ep¡ gC iL$pe R>¡. N¡fL$pev¡$kf dL$p_p¡_y„ bp„^L$pd sp¡X$hy„ lp¡e sp¡ Ðepf¡ S> `qfZpd dm¡ L¡$ Äepf¡ ipkL$ `n blzdsudp„ lp¡e. L$X$hp r_Z®ep¡ g¡su hMs¡ ipkL$ `n_¡ kÑp Nydphhp_p¡ X$f _ lp¡e sp¡ S> il¡frls_p„ L$pdp¡ \C iL¡$.

R>¡ëgp„ \p¡X$p„ hjp£ v$frdep_ kyfs_p¡ M|b TX$`u rhL$pk \ep¡ R>¡. Ap dpV¡$_u ¾¡$qX$V$ c|s`|h® L$rdi_f A¡k.Apf. fph_¡ Åe R>¡ L¡$ kÑp^pfu `n_¡?
lz„ dp_y„ Ry>„ L¡$ il¡f_p rhL$pk_u ¾¡$qX$V$ L$p¡C_¡ `Z dm¡. L$pd \pe A¡ S> ANÐe_y„ R>¡. Ar^L$pfuAp¡, Q|„V$pe¡gp L$p¡`p£f¡V$fp¡ A_¡ `n A¡ ÓZ¡_p¡ ep¡Áe kdÞhe \pe sp¡ S> il¡frls_p„ L$pdp¡ \C iL¡$. fph L$rdi_f lsp Ðepf¡ Ad¡ A¡d_u kp\¡ b¡ku_¡ kyfs_p 36 S>¡V$gp fõspAp¡ `lp¡mp L$fhp_y„ _½$u L$f¡gy„. fph¡ A¡ v$fMpõs õV¡$[ÞX$N L$rdV$udp„ d|L$u A_¡ Ad¡ A¡ L$pd_¡ d„S|>fu Ap`u. v$fMpõs_p¡ Adg fph¡ L$ep£ A¡ hps kpQu, `f„sy 10\u 15 lÅf T|`X$p„Ap¡ fõsp_u hÃQ¡ lsp„ A¡_¡ lV$phu buS>¡ hkphhp dpV¡$_u d„S|>fu Ad¡ Ap`u _ lp¡s sp¡ L$p¡C `Z L$rdi_f A¡ L$pd L$C fus¡ L$fu iL$s?

L$p¡`p£f¡i__u Q|„V$Zu hMs¡ kpdpÞe dsv$pf_u A`¡np iy„ lp¡e R>¡?
sd_¡ kpQu hps L$lz„ sp¡, Ap`Zp gp¡L$p¡ A¡V$gp b^p cp¡mp R>¡ L¡$ sd¡ A¡d_¡ a¼s "L¡$d R>p¡' `|R>p¡ sp¡ `Z Myi \C Åe. A¡d_u A`¡np A¡V$gu S> lp¡e R>¡ L¡$ L$p¡`p£f¡V$f `p„Q hj® v$frdep_ A¡d_¡ dmsp fl¡. A¡d_u kdõep kp„cmhp\u S> A¡d_¡ k„sp¡j \C Åe R>¡. blz Ap¡R>p dsv$pfp¡ A¡hp lp¡e R>¡ L¡$ S>¡Ap¡ L$p¡C Mpk L$pd_u A`¡np fpM¡ R>¡.

dp¡V$p„ il¡fp¡dp„ kp¥\u âp\qdL$ S>ê$qfeps R>¡ Ål¡f k„X$pk-bp\ê$d_u. Ap bpbs¡ L$p¡C `Z ipkL$ `n ip dpV¡$ L$„C L$fsp _\u?
1995 `l¡gp„ Ap il¡fdp„ Ål¡f k„X$pk-bp\ê$d_u L$p¡C ìehõ\p S> _lp¡su. 1995 `R>u AÐepf ky^udp„ il¡fdp„ 100 L$fsp„ h^y `¡-A¡ÞX $eyT k„X$pk-bp\ê$d s¥epf \C Nep„ R>¡. S>¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ Ål¡fdp„ \su N„v$L$u AV$L$u NC R>¡. lz„ A¡d dp_y„ Ry>„ L¡$ Ap A¡L$ d|mc|s S>ê$qfeps R>¡. lÆ h^y S>ê$f `X¡$ sp¡ `¡-A¡ÞX$ eyT k„X$pk-bp\ê$d b_phhp„ Å¡CA¡.

`pqL¯$N_u kdõep, gpfu-Nëgp A_¡ âv|$jZ bpbs¡ iy„ \C iL¡$?
kyfsdp„ V¡$¼kV$pBg dpL£$V$ rhõspfdp„ `pqL¯$N_u kdõep kp¥\u h^y lsu. Ad¡ kh£ L$fphu_¡ Å¡ey„ sp¡ Mbf `X$u L¡$ v$ffp¡S> 85 lÅf\u 1 gpM S>¡V$gp„ hpl_p¡ kyfs_p qf„N fp¡X$ `f\u `kpf \pe R>¡. Ap kdõep lg L$fhp dpV¡$ Ad¡ `ròd cpfs_p¡ kp¥\u gp„bp¡ ãgpeAp¡hf qf„N fp¡X$ `f b_pìep¡. Ap ãgpeAp¡hf_u _uQ¡ Ad¡ `pqL¯$$N dpV¡$_u S>Áep b_phiy„. Ap D`fp„s dpfu ×rô$A¡ buÆ kp¥\u dp¡V$u kdõep hpl_p¡_p¡ âhpl A¡L$^pfp¡ Qpgsp¡ fl¡ A¡ Å¡hp_u R>¡. S>¡ V²$pqaL$ `p¡BÞV$ _ÆL$ rkÁ_g_¡ L$pfZ¡ hpl_p¡_u gp„bu L$spfp¡ gpN¡ R>¡ Ðep„ _p_p-_p_p ãgpeAp¡hf b_phu iL$pe. hpl_p¡ A¡L$^pfp„ Qpgsp„ fl¡i¡ sp¡ âv|$jZ_u kdõep `Z lmhu \i¡. kyfsdp„ ldZp„ b¡ âL$pf_p„ âv|$jZ_u kdõep R>¡. âp¡k¡k lpDkp¡ `pZu A_¡ L¡$rdL$g R>p¡X¡$ R>¡ A¡_p âv|$jZ_u kdõep lg L$fhp dpV¡$ k¡L$ÞX$fu V²$uV$d¡ÞV$ àgpÞV$ b_phhp_y„ Ad¡ afrS>eps L$ey¯ R>¡. DÛp¡N N©lp¡_p A¡kp¡qke¡i_ kp\¡ dmu_¡ Ad¡ A¡L$ ep¡S>_p s¥epf L$fu R>¡. 2002_u kpg ky^udp„ kyfs_u X²¡$_¡S> ep¡S>_p `|fu \C S>i¡. âp¡k¡k lpDkp¡ `pk¡\u ep¡Áe MQ® gC_¡ Ap X²¡$_¡S>dp„ A¡d_p âp¡k¡k \e¡gp âhplu dpV¡$ ku^y„ Å¡X$pZ Ap`u v$Ciy„. lh¡ flu hps lhp_p âv|$jZ_u. Å¡ X$pHN lpDkp¡ N¡k L$_¡¼i_ gC g¡ A_¡ hpl_p¡ V²$pqaL$ rkÁ_g `f Ap¡R>p kde dpV¡$ Ecp„ fl¡ sp¡ Ap kdõep Ap`p¡Ap` lg \C Åe. kyfsdp„ kp¥\u dp¡V$u kdõep R>¡ hpl_ìehlpf_u. Al]_u `[ågL$ V²$pÞk`p¡V®$ rkõV$d_u _bmpC_¡ L$pfZ¡ Nfub ìe[¼sA¡ `Z L$dk¡ L$d dp¡`¡X$ hkphhy„ `X¡$ R>¡. Å¡ `[ågL$ V²$pÞk`p¡V®$_u rkõV$d ky^f¡ sp¡ hpl_p¡_u k„¿ep `Z OV¡$. lz„ dp_y„ Ry>„ L¡$ `[ågL$ V²$pÞk`p¡V®$_u S>hpbv$pfu Mp_Nu L„$`_u_¡ Ap`u v$C A¡_p `f L$ÞV²$p¡g fpMhp¡ Å¡CA¡. dy¿e fõspAp¡_¡ Apfkuku_p b_phhp_y„ `Z Adpfy„ Apep¡S>_ R>¡. Apfkuku_p fõsp b_hp\u ^|m_u kdõep lg \C S>i¡. gpfu-NëgphpmpAp¡ dpV¡$ Mpk lp¡qL„$N Tp¡_ b_pìep R>¡, `f„sy `p¡guk qX$`pV®$d¡ÞV$ kp\¡_p spgd¡g_p Acph_¡ L$pfZ¡ Oj®Z \ep L$f¡ R>¡. MpZu`uZu_u gpfuAp¡ dpV¡$ fpÓu_p kde¡ Mpk lp¡qL„$N Tp¡_ _½$u L$fhpdp„ Apìep R>¡.

lp¡[õ`V$gp¡_p¡ S>¡ L$Qfp¡ Nd¡ Ðep„ a¢L$hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ A¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ õhpõÕe_u N„cuf kdõep Ecu \C iL¡$ A¡d R>¡. Aphp h¡õV$_p r_L$pg dpV¡$ sd¡ iy„ L$fhp dpNp¡ R>p¡?
lp¡[õ`V$g_p h¡õV$ dpV¡$ Ad¡ bpep¡-L¡$rdL$g A¡¼V$ b_pìep¡ R>¡. _p_p„ v$hpMp_p„Ap¡_¡ A¡d_p L$Qfp_¡ âp¡k¡k L$fhp_y„ Apr\®L$ fus¡ `fhX¡$ _l] A¡V$gp dpV¡$ Ad¡ k¡ÞV²$gu B[Þk_¡V$f hkphu_¡ L$p¡ÞV²$p¼V$ Ap`u v$Ciy„.

T|„`X$`Ë$udp„ kNhX$ Ap`hp\u A_¡ N¡fL$pev¡$kf T|„`X$`Ë$udp„ fl¡_pfpAp¡_¡ L$pev¡$kf S>Áep Ap`hp\u h^y N¡fL$pev¡$kf T|„`X$`Ë$uAp¡ Ecu _l] \pe?
c|sL$pmdp„ Ecu \e¡gu T|„`X$`Ë$uAp¡_¡ Ad¡ lV$phu_¡ T|„`X$phpkuAp¡ dpV¡$ `pL$p„ dL$p_p¡ b_pìep„ R>¡. L$p¡`p£f¡i__p Mpgu àgp¡V$ `f N¡fL$pev¡$kf v$bpZ _ \pe A¡ dpV¡$ Mpgu àgp¡V$_p ap¡V$p A_¡ rhqX$ep¡ i|qV„$N Ad¡ L$fphuA¡ R>uA¡. Mpgu àgp¡V$p¡ `f h©npfp¡`Z L$fphuA¡ R>uA¡, S>¡\u Ðep„ _hu T|„`X$`Ë$u Ecu \pe _l]. L$gd 63 (2) âdpZ¡ L$p¡`p£f¡i__p bS>¡V$_p¡ 10 V$L$p rlõkp¡ T|„`X$`Ë$u A_¡ `R>ps rhõspf_p rhL$pk dpV¡$ fpMhp¡ S> `X¡$ R>¡. S>¡ hj®dp„ Ap rlõkp¡ h`fpe _l] A¡_p ApNgp hj®dp„ A¡_¡ L¡$fuap¡fhX®$ L$fhp¡ `X¡$ R>¡. Mf¡Mf sp¡ Ad¡ Nfubp¡ dpV¡$ Aphpk ep¡S>_p_p¡ Adg L$fu T|„`X`Ë$u_¡ _pb|v$ L$fhp S> dpNuA¡ R>uA¡—.

L$p¡`p£f¡i__u õL|$gp¡_u lpgs A_¡ Bd¡S> A¡V$gu L„$Npm R>¡ L¡$ kdpS>_p¡ A¡L$ Mpk hN® L$p¡`p£f¡i__u õL|$gp¡dp„ bpmL$_¡ cZhp dp¡L$ghp_¡ bv$g¡ `¡V¡$ `pV$p bp^u_¡ `Z X$p¡_¡i_ Ap`u buÆ õL|$gdp„ dp¡L$ghp_y„ h^y `k„v$ L$f¡ R>¡. L$p¡`p£f¡i__u õL|$gp¡_u lpgs, Bd¡S> A_¡ rinZ^p¡fZ ky^pfhp dpV¡$ iy„ \C iL¡$?
kyfsdp„ 1986 `R>u S>¡ _hp¡ rhõspf L$p¡`p£f¡i__u lv$ kp\¡ Å¡X$pep¡ Ðep„ õL|$$gp¡_u lpgs M|b Mfpb lsu. R>¡ëgp„ `p„Q hj® v$frdep_ õL|$gp¡_u lpgs A_¡ Ðep„_y„ hpsphfZ Ad¡ ky^pey¯ R>¡. õL|$g bp¡X®$_u krdrsdp„ b^p S> N¡ÄeyA¡V$ lp¡e A¡ `Z Ad¡ Å¡ey„ R>¡. Ap D`fp„s õL|$g_p k„Qpg__p A_ychu ìe[¼s_¡ `Z bp¡X®$_p kæe b_pìep R>¡. qinL$p¡ ep¡Áe qinZ Ap`¡ A_¡ A¡d_p `f L$X$` fl¡ A¡ dpV¡$ ky`frhT_ õV$pa `f Ad¡ L$X` h^pfu R>¡. râqÞk`pg_u r_dZ|L$ A_¡ rinL$p¡_u r_dZ|L$ h^y Ýep_\u L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. kyfsdp„ õL|$g bp¡X®$_u 258 õL|$gp¡dp„ v$p¡Y$ gpM S>¡V$gp rhÛp\}Ap¡ Aæepk L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ 3500 S>¡V$gp rinL$p¡ R>¡. ly„ dp_y„ Ry>„ L¡$ ApV$gp dp¡V$p s„Ó_y„ k„Qpg_ L$fhp_y„ L$pd M|b AOfy„ R>¡. Å¡ L$p¡`p£f¡i_ k„Qpqgs õL|$$g_p¡ hluhV$ L$p¡C A_ychu V²$õV$_¡ kp¡`hpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ Sy>v$p Sy>v$p ågp¡L$_p¡ hluhV$ kfm b_¡. õL|$g bp¡X®$_u õL|$g_p¡ hluhV$ L$fhp dpV¡$ ApB.A¡.A¡k. L$np_u ìe[¼s lp¡hu Å¡CA¡.

ApV$gp dp¡V$p kyfs il¡fdp„ kd Mphp `|fsy„ âpZuk„N°lpge `Z _\u.
kyfs _ÆL$ Aph¡gp kf\pZdp„ 80 A¡L$f S>du_ `f âpZuk„N°lpge b_u füy„ R>¡. L¡$ÞÖ kfL$pf_u 50 V$L$p N°pÞV$ `Z d„S|>f \C NC R>¡. Ad¡ ApMp¡ âp¡S>¡¼V$ qX$TpB_ L$fu_¡ L¡$ÞÖ kfL$pf_¡ dp¡L$gu Apàep¡ R>¡. âpZuAp¡ dpV¡$_u Mpk lp¡[õ`V$g `Z b„^pC NC R>¡.

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?