$X$p¡. âv$u` rhS>eL$f

dS>ê$l kygsp_`yfu `l¡gu Ap¡¼V$p¡bf, 1999_p fp¡S> 80dp hj®dp„ âh¡i L$f¡ R>¡. R>¡ëgp„ 55 hj®\u s¡Ap¡ rlÞv$u qaëdp¡ dpV¡$ d^yf Nusp¡ gMsp Apìep R>¡. dpÓ rlÞv$u qaëdp¡_p¡ _l], rhïh_p¡ Ap A¡L f¡L$p¡X®$ li¡. A_¡ R>sp„ s¡d_¡ Aakp¡k R>¡ L¡$ lÆ ky^u s¡d_p L$pd_y„, s¡d_p„ Nusp¡_y„ Mfy„ d|ëep„L$_ _\u \ey„. s¡dZ¡ d_¡ ANpD_p A¡L$ BÞV$fìeydp„ L$üy„ lsy„ L¡$ Ap`Zu qaëdp¡ _p¥V„$L$u\u L$v$u ApNm h^u iL$u _\u. s¡dZ¡ r_Mpgksp\u L$üy„ lsy„ L¡$ fp¡Æfp¡V$u Mpsf \C_¡ s¡Ap¡ rlÞv$u qaëdp¡_p„ Nusp¡ gM¡ R>¡. s¡dZ¡ L$üy„ lsy„, "dpf¡ qaëdu Nusp¡ `Z gMhp_p„ A_¡ ipefu `Z L$fhp_u. s¡_p L$pfZ¡ lz„ L$p¡C_p `f `Z Ýep_ Ap`u iL$sp¡ _\u.'

dS>ê$l kygsp_`yfu Dv|®$_p AÃR>p ipef lsp. 1945dp„ A¡L$ dyipefpdp„ cpN g¡hp dy„bC Apìep lsp A_¡ Ðep„ s¡d_¡ A¡. Apf. L$pfv$pf dmu Nep. s¡dZ¡ `p¡sp_u qaëd iplS>lp„ dpV¡$ Nusp¡ gMhp_y„ L$üy„. A¡ hps epv$ L$fsp„ dS>ê$l L$l¡ R>¡, "d_¡ L$p¡CA¡ L$üy„ L¡$ kpfp `¥kp dmi¡ dpV¡$ gMÅ¡. d_¡ A_¡ buÅ L¡$V$gpL$ ipefp¡_¡ A¡L$ OV$_p Ap`hpdp„ Aphu lsu A_¡ s¡ âdpZ¡ Nusp¡ gMhp_p„ lsp„. _kubÅ¡N¡ dpfp„ Nusp¡ `k„v$ \ep„.'

s¡ `R>u sp¡ iê$ \e¡gp¡ qkgqkgp¡ hZ\„æep¡ Qpgu füp¡ R>¡. dS>ê$l cg¡ L$l¡sp lp¡e L¡$ s¡ ipefu L¡$ qaëdu Nusp¡- A¡L¡$e `f Ýep_ _\u Ap`u iL$sp, `Z s¡d_¡ lL$uL$sdp„ Ap bÞ_¡ n¡Ódp„ î¡›$ âv$p__p A¡hp¡X®$ dmu Q|¼ep R>¡.

Å¡L¡$ s¡dZ¡ dyíL¡$guAp¡ `Z Å¡C R>¡ A_¡ s¡ `Z Åsu Jdf¡. s¡d_p dp¡V$p v$u$L$fp_y„ Ahkp_ \ey„ A_¡ _p_p¡ v$uL$fp¡ AÞv$pg¡b (S>¡Z¡ Å_d kdÅ L$fp¡ b_phu R>¡) qaëd qv$Áv$i®L$ sfuL¡$ k„Oj® L$fsp¡ lsp¡ Ðepf¡ 75 hj®_u Jdf¡ Of Qgphhp L$dphp_u S>hpbv$pfu s¡d_p `f Aphu `X$u lsu. s¡dZ¡ Ap Jdf¡ `Z L$dpg L$fu R>¡. Mpdp¡iu dpV¡$ s¡dZ¡ Nusp¡ g¿ep„ A_¡ afu A¡L$ hpf s¡d_u ipefu Mugu EW$u. A¡ `R>u s¡d_¡ 20 qaëdp¡dp„ Nusp¡ gMhp dþep„ R>¡. s¡d_p¡ rkspfp¡ QdL$sp¡ lsp¡ A_¡ Apf. X$u. bd®_ kp\¡ s¡d_u Å¡X$u lsu Ðepf¡ 70_p v$peL$pdp„ S> s¡d_¡ Ap fus¡ A¡L$kp\¡ ApV$gu qaëdp¡ dmu lsu. s¡d_u kp\¡_u dygpL$ps `Z epv$Npf b_u Åe R>¡, L¡$d L¡$ s¡Ap¡ l„d¡ip„ r_Mpgksp\u S>hpbp¡ Ap`¡ R>¡.

sd¡ Æh__p ApW$ v$peL$p `pf L$fu Q|¼ep R>p¡. L¡$hy„ gpN¡ R>¡?

v¡$rMe¡, ld_¡ L$p¡C bX$p suf dpfp l¥ A¥kp ld¡ _l] gNsp. A¡hp buÅ OZp b^p L$rhAp¡, g¡ML$p¡ R>¡ S>¡dZ¡ dpfp L$fsp„ h^y âv$p_ L$e¯y R>¡. afL$ A¡V$gp¡ R>¡ L¡$ d¢ blz dp¡X¡$\u gMhp_y„ iê$ L$e¯y. lz„ 40 hj®_p¡ \ep¡ Ðepf¡ R>¡L$ dpfy„ _pd \ey„ lsy„. dpfp Æh__p„ L¡$V$gp„e hjp£ h¡X$apC Nep„. lz„ A¡L$ X$pb¡fu lsp¡ A¡V$g¡ gp¡N ld k¡ _pfpS> \¡.

sd_¡ g¡ML$ sfuL¡$ ¼epf\u õhuL$pfhpdp„ Apìep?

ApS>\u huk¡L$ hj® `l¡gp„ d_¡ Nprgb A¡hp¡X®$ dþep¡. s¡ dpfp¡ `l¡gp¡ A¡hp¡X®$ lsp¡. buSy>„, d_¡ A¡ hps_y„ Np¥fh R>¡ L¡$ dpfy„ Npd kygsp_`yf dpfp L$pfZ¡ ÅZusy„ bÞey„ R>¡, `Z kygsp_`yfdp„ d_¡ L$p¡C ÅZsy„ _\u. s¡Ap¡A¡ L$v$u dpfy„ dp_-kÞdp_ _\u L$e¯y.

`Z Aphp dp_-kÞdp__p¡ L¡$ A¡hp¡X®$_p¡ L„$C A\® lp¡e R>¡ Mfp¡?

A¡ hps kpQu L¡$ dp¡V$p cpN_p A¡hp¡X®$ d¡r_àeyg¡V$ L$fhpdp„ Apìep lp¡e R>¡. qaëda¡f A¡hp¡X®$ dpV¡$ dpfy„ Nus ld b¡Myv$u d¢ sydL$p¡ `yL$pf¡ Qg¡ Ne¡ (su_ v¡$huep„) _p¡rd_¡V$ \ey„ lsy„, `Z A¡hp¡X®$ dþep¡ el d¡fp v$uhp_p`_ l¥ S>¡hp QugpQpgy Nus_¡. s¡ `R>u sp¡ d¢ qaëda¡f A¡hp¡X®$ _ õhuL$pfhp_y„ _½$u L$e¯y lsy„. `Z gÿduL$p„s¡ d_¡ kdÅìep¡ A¡V$g¡ d¢ bpv$dp„ Qplw„Np d¦ syT¡ (v$p¡õsu) dpV¡$ A¡hp¡X®$ õhuL$pep£ lsp¡. 1992dp„ `Z `l¡gp _ip (Å¡ rS>sp hp¡ lu rkL„$v$f) _p¡rd_¡V$ \ey„ lsy„, `Z s¡ gp¡L$p¡A¡ A¡hp¡X®$ sp¡ kp¡Q¢N¡ syçl¡ àepf... L$f¡ L¡$ _l] (v$uhp_p) Nus_¡ dþey„.

sd_¡ Æh_dp„ blz Aakp¡k gpN¡ R>¡.

L$ep¡ A¡hp¡X®$ dþep¡ L¡$ L¡$V$gu V²$p¡auAp¡ dmu s¡_y„ dlÒh _\u. dyT¡ Aakp¡k Ck bps L$p l¥ qL$ dpfp L$pd_u lÆ ky^u kpQu kfpl_p _\u \C. lh¡ d_¡ L$v$pQ dp¡V$p¡ A¡hp¡X®$ dmi¡ A_¡ gp¡L$p¡ dpfp L$pd_y„ d|ëe ÅZi¡, `Z d_¡ Ap Aakp¡k sp¡ L$ped fl¡hp_p¡. v$pMgp sfuL¡$ kprlf gyr^ep_hu_u S>¡ fus¡ kfpl_p \C R>¡ s¡ fus¡ dpfu L$v$u _\u \C.

kprlf dlp_ NusL$pf R>¡. `Z lz„ âpdprZL$`Z¡ dp_y„ Ry>„ L¡$ dpfpdp„ hfpCV$u, _hu_sp h^y R>¡. lz„ Dv®|$_p L¡$V$gpe iåv$p¡ gC Apìep¡ Ry>„ S>¡ ApS>¡ kpdpÞe bp¡gQpgdp„ Aphu Nep R>¡.

sd¡ _p¥ipv$\u dp„X$u_¡ A¡. Apf. fl¡dp_ ky^u_p k„NusL$pfp¡ kp\¡ L$pd L$e¯y R>¡ A_¡ s¡dp„ A¡L$ L$np S>mhpC flu R>¡.

(lksp„ lksp„) el L$pd ld qL$ku sfpl r_cp Ne¡. d_¡ Ap gp¡L$p¡ kpd¡ L$p¡C riL$pes _\u. s¡d_p L$pfZ¡ S> d_¡ Ap gp¡L$râesp dmu R>¡.

sd¡ rS>Øu R>p¡ A_¡ bp„^R>p¡X$ L$fhp s¥epf _\u \sp A¡hu R>p` R>¡.

dpfp L¡$V$gpL$ rkÙp„sp¡ R>¡ A_¡ lh¡ sp¡ lz„ 80 hj®_p¡ \ep¡ Ry>„ Ðepf¡ A¡L$ L$gpL$pf sfuL¡$ L¡$V$gp„L$ dp_-kÞdp__p¡ Ar^L$pfu Ry>„. `Z lz„ L„$C k„NusL$pfp¡_¡ sL$gua _\u Ap`sp¡. `Z bv$sduT gp¡L$p¡ d_¡ S>fpe Ndsp _\u. ldZp„ A¡L$ k„NusL$pf¡ s¡d_p k¡¾¡$V$fu_¡ dpfu `pk¡ dp¡L$ëep¡ L¡$ lz„ s¡d_u kp\¡ L$pd L$fui L¡$ _l]. dpfu rkr_ep¡qfV$u Å¡sp„ iy„ s¡dZ¡ `p¡s¡ d_¡ dmhp _ Aphhy„ Å¡CA¡?

sd¡ S>¡d_u kp\¡ L$pd L$e¯y s¡ k„NusL$pfp¡ rhi¡ sd¡ iy„ dp_p¡ R>p¡?

Apf.X$u. bd®_ A_¡ Ap¡. `u. _¥ef dpV¡$ Nus gMhp_y„ lp¡e Ðepf¡ dpf¡ ^p¡fZ _uQ¡ gphu_¡ kpv$p iåv$p¡dp„ Nus gMhy„ `X$sy„. L¡$d L¡$ s¡d_p k„Nusdp„ qf^d_y„ dlÒh fl¡sy„. bpv$dp„ Apf.X$u.A¡ Ap S> L$pfZkf dpfu kp\¡ L$pd L$fhp_y„ Ap¡Ry>„ L$fu _p¿ey„ lsy„. lz„ OZu hpf s¡d_¡ L$l¡sp¡ L¡$ sdpfp k„Nusdp„ sp¡ kpfu L$rhsp ìep`L$ S>_kdpS> (dpk) ky^u `lp¢QpX$hp_u ndsp R>¡. v$uhp_p dyT kp _l] A_¡ Qyfp rge¡ l¥ qv$g... S>¡hp NTg âL$pf_p„ dyMX$phpmp„ Nusp¡ gp¡L$râe bÞep„ lp¡hp R>sp„ s¡d_¡ A¡ hps Nm¡ _lp¡su Esfu.

A¡k.X$u. bd®__¡ sp¡ NTg kp\¡ S>fpe aphsy„ _l]. Wy$dfu_¡ sd¡ DÑf âv¡$i L¡$ b„Npm_p gp¡L$Nus kp\¡ c¡mhu v$p¡ A¡V$g¡ A¡kX$u_y„ k„Nus s¥epf. s¡d_p dpV¡$ sp¡ dpf¡ _hp S> âL$pf_p L$rh b_hy„ `X$éy„ lsy„. d¢ s¡d_¡ dpV¡$ Mpk sp¡ khpg-S>hpb âL$pf_p„ Nusp¡_u õV$pCg s¥epf L$fu lsu. v$pMgp sfuL¡ R>p¡X$ v$p¡ Ap„Qg S>dp_p... A_¡ Ap„Mp¡ d¢ ¼ep Æ... hN¡f¡.

gÿduL$p„s-àepf¡gpg ¼epf¡e dpfu gpB_ L¡$ iåv$p¡ _ a¡fhsp. Å¡L¡$ s¡Ap¡ L$p¡dri®eg qaëdp¡ h^y L$fhp gpÁep s¡ `R>u s¡Ap¡ Ap_„v$ bnu_¡ h^y `k„v$ L$fhp gpÁep lsp.

Ap 55 hjp£dp„ rlÞv$u qaëdp¡dp„ NusL$pf_y„ õ\p_ sd_¡ L¡$hy„ gpÁey„ R>¡?

A¡L$ Nus s¥epf L$fhpdp„ kp¥\u dp¡V$p¡ lp\ k„NusL$pf_p¡ S> lp¡e R>¡. s¡ `l¡gp k„Nus s¥epf L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ `R>u s¡ dpV¡$ Nus gMph¡ R>¡ A_¡ NpeL$ `pk¡ NhX$ph¡ R>¡. Ad¡ sp¡ iåv$p¡ S> Ap`uA¡ R>uA¡ A_¡ NpeL$¡ sp¡ s¡_p\u `Z Ap¡Ry>„ dpÓ gM¡gy„ NpC S>hp_y„ R>¡. Å¡L¡$ NpeL$ L$gpL$pfp¡ kp¥\u h^y dlÒh d¡mh¡ R>¡ A¡ Sy>v$u hps R>¡.

gp¡L$p¡ kp¥`l¡gp sp¡ ^|_ S> kp„cm¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_p Ap^pf¡ S> `k„v$ L¡$ _p`k„v$ L$f¡ R>¡. A¡V$g¡ NusL$pf¡ `p¡sp_p iåv$p¡ L¡$ gpB_p¡_¡ blz hmNu _ fl¡hy„ Å¡CA¡. Apd R>sp„ NusL$pf_y„ L$pd S> kp¥\u L$`fy„ R>¡. s¡dZ¡ qX$f¡¼V$f_u A_¡ k„NusL$pf_u kp¥_u S>ê$f âdpZ¡ gMhp_y„ R>¡.

sd_¡ Nusp¡ gMhp dpV¡$ ¼epf¡e â¡fZp_u L¡$ L$p¡C Ap^pf_u S>ê$f `X$u R>¡?

lp, `Z buÅ gp¡L$p¡_u _L$g _ L$fsp¡ lp¡e s¡ L$rh sp¡ hjp£ ky^u hp„Q¡gp„ lÅfp¡ `yõsL$p¡, L$rhspAp¡, ip÷p¡dp„\u â¡fZp d¡mhsp¡ S> lp¡e R>¡. `Z â¡fZp kbL$p¡[Þkek g¡hg¡ L$pd L$fsu lp¡e R>¡.

sd¡ A¡[ÞS>r_ef lp¡ A_¡ A¡L$ blzdpmu dL$p_ b_phhp_p lp¡, R>sp„ sd¡ spS>dlpg_u dygpL$ps gp¡. Ðep„ ip„rs\u \p¡X$p¡ kde Npmp¡, s¡_u b_phV$_p¡ Aæepk L$fp¡ A_¡ rhQpf L$fp¡ sp¡ s¡ ¼ep„L$ sdpfp L$pddp„ TmL¡$ R>¡. sdpfp L$pd_u NyZhÑp ky^f¡ R>¡. sd_¡ sp¡ ¿epg `Z _l] lp¡e L¡$ A¡ dlp_ fQ_p spS>dlpg_u Akf_¡ L$pfZ¡ sdpfp A¡L$v$d Ap¡qfqS>_ L$pd `f Akf \C flu R>¡.

dS>ê$l kygsp_`yfu_y„ Ahkp_

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?