cpfsdp„ i¡fbÅf_p s„vy$fõs rhL$pk A_¡ fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_p„ rlsp¡_u fnp_p DØ¡i kp\¡ rk¼eyqfV$uT A¡ÞX$ A¡¼kQ¡ÞS> bp¡X®$ Ap¡a B[ÞX$ep (k¡bu)_u õ\p`_p 1988dp„ \C lsu. 12 hj®dp„ k¡buA¡ S>¡ L$pdNufu bÅhu R>¡ s¡_¡ gu^¡ Ap _pd fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_p dp¡Y¡$ fdsyy„ \C Ney„ R>¡, `f„sy fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_p rlsdp„ ÅsÅs_p„ `Ngp„ gC i¡fv$gpgp¡_¡ ku^p v$p¡f L$f_pf A_¡ bÅf_¡ riõsbÙ b_ph_pf k¡bu rhi¡ lÆ OZu N¡fkdS> âhs£ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_p L$pfZ¡ k¡bu âÐe¡ ApS>¡ `Z fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_p¡e Qp¡½$k âL$pf_p¡ `|h®N°l R>¡. Å¡L¡$ k¡buA¡ cpfsue d|X$ubÅf_p rhL$pk dpV¡$ dlÒh_p„ `Ngp„ gC ApS>¡ rhïh_u Ecfsu bÅfp¡dp„ cpfs_¡ AN°õ\p_ A`pìey„ R>¡.

k¡bu_p„ drlgp A¡[¼T¼eyqV$h qX$f¡¼V$f ^rd®›$p fphg¡ qfqX$a.L$p¡d kp\¡ k¡bu_u c|rdL$p A_¡ cprh ep¡S>_p rhi¡ hpsp¡ L$fu R>¡. S>¡dp„ fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_u A_¡L$ d|„ThZp¡ L$¡ N¡fkdS>Zp¡_p¡ `Z S>hpb dmu Åe R>¡. âõsys R>¡ ^rd®›$p fphg_u qfqX$a.L$p¡d kp\¡_u hpsQus_p A„ip¡ :

àgpÞV¡$i_ L„$`_uAp¡ L„$`_u_u L$pdNufu ÅZp¡ A_¡ `R>u S> `¥kp fp¡L$p¡ L„$`_uAp¡_y„ `°urded rk¼eyqfV$u L$p¥cp„X$ A_¡ ApB.V$u._p i¡fp¡ k¡bu_u dep®qv$s kÑp fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_¡ kpQu dprlsu `lp¢QpX$hp_u S>ê$f Mpk Av$pgsp¡_u S>ê$f

àgpÞV¡$i_ L„$`_uAp¡

gp¡L$p¡A¡ k¡bu_u c|rdL$p kdÆ g¡hp_u S>ê$f R>¡. hpõshdp„ _p¡_ b¡[ÞL„$N apB_pÞk L„$`_uAp¡ k¡bu_u kÑp l¡W$m Aph¡ R>¡. àgpÞV¡$iÞk L$„`_uAp¡_p qL$õkpdp„ k¡bu_p lp\dp„ kÑp Apìep `R>u L$p¡C àgpÞV$¡i_ L„$`_u fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡ `pk¡\u _pZp„ Ecp„ L$fu_¡ R>¡sfu iL$u _\u. àgpÞV¡$iÞk L$„`_uAp¡A¡ ¼epf¡ L$fp¡X$p¡ ê$r`ep gp¡L$p¡ `pk¡\u EOfphu gu^p lsp A_¡ Ðepf¡ gNcN b^p g|„V$pC Nep lsp Ðepf¡ k¡bu_¡ àgpÞV¡$iÞk L„$`_uAp¡_y„ r_ed_ L$fhp_u kÑp A`pC A_¡ sd¡ Sy>Ap¡ S>¡ qv$hk\u k¡bu_¡ Ap kÑp dmu s¡Z¡ sfs S> A¡L$ Mpk krdrs_¡ Aæepk dpV¡$ _udu v$C kp¥â\d sp¡ L$p¡C `Z àgpÞV¡$i_ L$„`_u ¾¡$qX$V$ f¡qV„$N rh_p _hp„ _pZp„ Ecp„ _ L$fu iL¡$ s¡hy„ W$fphu v$u^y„. h^y gp¡L$p¡_¡ Ap L„$`_uAp¡_u Åmdp„ akpsp AV$L$phu v$u^p. ApS>¡ Ap sdpd àgpÞV¡$i_ L„$`_uAp¡_¡ k¡buA¡ fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_p„ _pZp„ `fs L$fhp_u k|Q_p Ap`u R>¡. AÐepf¡ gNcN b^u S> àgpÞV¡$iÞk L„$`_uAp¡ k¡bu kpd¡ Av$pgsdp„ gX$s Qgphu flu R>¡. L$pev$p_u gX$pCdp„ AÐepf ky^u sp¡ k¡bu kam flu R>¡.

L„$`_u_u L$pdNufu ÅZp¡ A_¡ `R>u S> `¥kp fp¡L$p¡

`[ågL$ Bíey dpfas L„$`_uAp¡ _pZp„ D`pX$u NC s¡dp„ `Z k¡bu_¡ v$p¡j v¡$hp_¡ bv$g¡ gp¡L$p¡A¡ kdS>hp_u S>ê$f R>¡ L¡$ k¡bu A¡ `[ågL$ Bíey gphsu L„$`_uAp¡_p„ âp¡õ`¡¼V¹$k `pfv$i®L$ b_phu_¡ fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_¡ L¡$V$gu b^u dprlsu D`gå^ b_phu, L„$`_udp„ fl¡gp„ Å¡Mdu `qfbmp¡(qfõL$ a¡¼V$$k®) Ål¡f L$fhp_u L„$`_uAp¡_¡ afS> `X$pC R>¡. Ap b^p Üpfp kpfp fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_¡ fp¡L$pZ_p¡ r_Z®e g¡hp_u kdS> Ap`u. `f„sy fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_¡ fpsp¡fps gpMp¡`rs \C S>hy„ lp¡e sp¡ k¡bu iy„ L$f¡? gp¡L$p¡A¡ sp¡ bk _hp BíeyAp¡dp„ KQp cphp¡ d¡mhhp lsp A¡V$g¡ dpÓ k¡L$ÞX$fu dpL£$qV„$N_u s¡Æ Å¡C âpBdfu d|X$ucfZp„Ap¡ R>gL$phu v$u^p„ A_¡ Äepf¡ Aphu L„$`_uAp¡ g¡cpNy _uL$mu A_¡ "_p¥ v$p¡ Áepfl' \B NB L¡$ X|$bu NB sp¡ `Z fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡ k¡bu_¡ cp„X$hp gpÁep.

L„$`_uAp¡_y„ `°urded

lÆ OZp L$l¡ R>¡ k¡buA¡ L„$`_uAp¡_¡ ApX¡$^X$ `°urded g¡hp_u R|>V$ Ap`u s¡dp„ L„$`_uAp¡ fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_¡ g|„V$u NB, `f„sy Ap gp¡L$p¡_¡ A¡ lLu$L$s_p¡ ¿epg _\u L¡$ a°u `°pBtkN `p¡qgku (dy¼s cph_urs)dp„ k¡bu L$p¡B `Z L„$`_u_¡ `°urded _½$u L$fhp fp¡L$u iL¡$ _l]. Ap kÑp k¡bu_¡ _\u. h^ydp„ A¡ `Z kdÆ gp¡ L¡$ k¡bu _hp `[ågL$ BíeyAp¡_¡ d„S|>fu L¡$ _pd„S|>fu Ap`sy„ _\u, bgL¡$ dpÓ L„$`_uAp¡_p Ap¡af v$õsph¡Å¡ Da£ `°p¡õ`¡¼V$k_u QL$pkZu L$f¡ R>¡. A\p®s¹ r_es L$f¡gp„ ^p¡fZp¡ L¡$ dpN®f¡Mp `°dpZ¡ `°p¡õ`¡¼V$kdp„ rhNsp¡ A`pB R>¡ L¡$ _l] s¡ Å¡hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ bk.

buSy>„, k¡bu dpV¡$ L$p¡B `Z L„$`_uA¡ Ap`¡gu rhNsp¡_y„ qaqTL$g h¡qfqaL¡$i_ k„ch _\u. k¡bu `pk¡ Aphu L$p¡B rkõV$d L¡$ kNhX$ _\u. s¡\u `°p¡õ`¡¼V$k_p `°\d `p_¡ S> qX$õ¼g¡B_f ¼gp¡T d|L$u_¡ fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_¡ `p¡sp_u S>hpbv$pfu_u dep®v$p A„N¡ õ`ô$sp `Z L$fu v¡$ R>¡. `R>u `Z fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡ dpÓ k¡bu_¡ v$p¡ju W¡$fhsp lp¡e sp¡ A¡ fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_u N¡fkdS> L¡$ A^|fu kdS> R>¡.

rk¼eyqfV$u L$p¥cp„X$ A_¡ ApB.V$u._p i¡fp¡

rk¼eyqfV$u õL¡$d hMs¡ `Z bÅf_u sp¡ap_u s¡Æ_¡ Å¡B k¡buA¡ fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_¡ Q¡shZu Ap`u lsu. spS>¡sfdp„ ApB.V$u. L„$`_uAp¡_p cmsp KQp cphp¡_¡ Âep_dp„ fpMu_¡ `Z k¡buA¡ fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_¡ kph^ L$ep® lsp.

sd¡ A¡ epv$ fpMp¡ L¡$ k¡bu_¡ S>hpbv$pfu OZu kp¢`pB R>¡, `f„sy kÑp M|b S> dep®qv$s A`pB R>¡ s¡d R>sp„ k¡bu_u i¡fbÅf A_¡ fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_p„ rlsp¡ dpV¡$_u kq¾esp_¡ L$pfZ¡ BÞh¡õV$fp¡_u v$f drl_¡ lÅfp¡ aqfepv$p¡ k¡bu `pk¡ Aph¡ R>¡.

k¡bu_u dep®qv$s kÑp

A¡L$ hps ly„ õ`ô$ L$fu v„D L¡$ ApS> qv$_ ky^u k¡bu_¡ L„$`_uAp¡ kpd¡ ku^p„ `Ngp„ g¡hp_u kÑp _\u s¡d R>sp„ L„$`_uAp¡ rhfyÙ_u lÅfp¡ aqfepv$p¡ k¡bu_¡ dm¡ R>¡. qfTh® b¢L$, qX$`pV®$d¡ÞV$ Ap¡a L„$`_u Aa¡k® (qX$kuA¡) L¡$ L„$`_u gp¡ bp¡X®$ (kuA¡gbu) _p L$pe®n¡Ó - kÑp l¡W$m lp¡e A¡hu L¡$V$gue bpbsp¡ k¡bu_¡ dp¡L$ghpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. `R>u k¡bu s¡ L$pd _ L$fu iL¡$ sp¡ A¡dp„ k¡bu_p¡ ip¡ v$p¡j?

fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_¡ kpQu dprlsu `lp¢QpX$hp_u S>êf

k¡buA¡ v¡$i_p v$f¡L$ i¡fbÅfp¡_¡ BÞh¡õV$k® A¡ÄeyL¡$i_ rhcpN iê L$fhp_u k|Q_p Ap`u R>¡, S>¡\u fp¡L$pZL$pf A¡ rhcpNdp„ fpM¡gp„ L$çàeyV$k®_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fu_¡ rgõV¡$X$ L„$`_uAp¡ rhj¡ L¡$ `[ågL$ BíeyAp¡ rhj¡ S>êfu dprlsu d¡mhu iL$i¡. lpgdp„ A¡L$pv$-b¡ i¡fbÅfp¡A¡ Aphp¡ rhcpN iê L$ep£ R>¡.

Mpk Av$pgsp¡_u S>êf

kfL$pf¡ Å¡ i¡f-rk¼eyqfV$uT_p fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_p„ rlsp¡_u fnp dpV¡$ L„$B _½$f L$fhy„ lp¡e sp¡ Ap BÞh¡õV$f hN® dpV¡$ Mpk Av$pgs (õ`¡rieg L$p¡V®$) õ\p`hp_u S>êf R>¡. Ad¡ (k¡buA¡) kfL$pf_¡ Ap cgpdZ L$fu R>¡. k¡bu frQs S>qõVk ^p_yL$p L$rdVu$A¡ `p¡sp_p Aæepk`|Z® qf`p¡V®$dp„ kfL$pf_¡ Ap rhj¡_y„ k|Q_ L$e¯y R>¡.

lpgdp„ i¡fbÅfdp„ A¡L$ ep buÆ fus¡ S>¡_p„ _pZp„ akpB Åe R>¡ L¡$ fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡ kp\¡ R>¡sfq`„X$u A\hp N¡ffurs \pe R>¡ Ðepf¡ fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡ L$p¡V®$dp„ Åe sp¡ s¡Ap¡_¡ Þepe dmsp„ hjp£ gpNu Åe R>¡ A_¡ MQ® `Z cpf¡ `X¡$ R>¡. S>¡_¡ gu^¡ fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡A¡ kl_ L$fhp_y„ Aph¡ R>¡. s¡_¡ bv$g¡ Å¡ i¡f - rk¼eyqfV$uT_¡ gNsp L¡$kp¡ dpV¡$ õ`¡rieg L$p¡V®$ lp¡e sp¡ rhhpv$p¡_p¡ TX$`u r_L$pg Aphu iL¡$ A_¡ Apd \pe sp¡ fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡ kp\¡ N¡ffurs L¡$ R>¡sfq`„X$u_u `°h©rÑ `Z Ap`p¡Ap` OV$u Åe.

sd_¡ epv$ li¡ L¡$ Ap`Zp Qua qhrS>gÞk L$rdi_f (kuhuku) l„d¡ip„ ìe„Ndp„ A¡L$ hps Mpk L$l¡sp fl¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ap`Zp v¡$idp„ DÛp¡Np¡ dp„v$p `X¡$ R>¡, `Z DÛp¡N`rs ¼epf¡e dp„v$p `X$sp _\u. buApBA¡aApf S>¡hu k„õ\pAp¡ L„$`_uAp¡_¡ "dp„v$u' Ål¡f L$fu DÛp¡N`rs_¡ "spÅ¡dpÅ¡' fpM¡ R>¡.

Apd i¡f-fp¡L$pZL$pfp¡_¡ g¡cpNy `°dp¡V$fp¡-DÛp¡N`rsAp¡\u bQphhp lp¡e sp¡ õ`¡ieg L$p¡V®$ õ\p`u g¡cpNy `°dp¡V$fp¡_¡ kÅ_p v$pMgp b¡kpX$hp Å¡BA¡.

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?