c|g¡ðf_p dp¡V$p d„qv$f_p¡ Mp¡V$p¡ rhhpv$

dy„bC il¡f_p lpv®$ kdp c|g¡ðf Mps¡ Aph¡gp dp¡V$p d„qv$f_p¡ rhhpv$ ApS>L$pg h¥óZhp¡dp„ cpf¡ QQp®_p¡ rhje bÞep¡ R>¡. 161 hj® S|>_u Ap lh¡gu_p dlpfpS>îu Np¡õhpdu _ufS> bpbp d¡_¡tS>N V²$õV$u Apf.A¡d.cÌ$X$_p fpÆ_pdp_u dpNZu kp\¡ ApÆh_ D`hpk `f Esep® R>¡. dlpfpS>îuA¡ A¡hp¡ Apn¡` L$ep£ R>¡ L¡$ cÌ$X$ k„õ\p_p hluhV$dp„ c°ô$pQpf L$fu füp R>¡ A_¡ s¡d_p hluhV$dp„ `pfv$i®L$sp _\u. Np¡õhpdu _ufS> Ly$dpf hëgc Ly$m_p lp¡hp\u c¼sp¡_u klp_yc|rs s¡d_¡ dm¡ s¡ õhpcprhL$ R>¡, `Z V²$õV$uAp¡_u blzdsu lp¡hp\u s¡d_¡ v|$f L$fhp Apkp_ L$pd _\u. Ap rhhpv$dp„ b„_¡ `n L$p¡W$u ^p¡C_¡ L$pv$h L$pY$hp_u õ`^p®dp„ Esep® R>¡.

lh¡gu_p dlpfpS>îu A_¡ d¡_¡tS>N V²$õV$u_p rhhpv$dp„ KX$p EsfuA¡ s¡ `l¡gp„ c|g¡ðf_u lh¡gu_p¡ cìe Brslpk s`pkhp¡ S>ê$fu R>¡. dp¡V$p d„rv$fdp„ bpg îuL$©óZ_u S>¡ d|rs® R>¡ s¡_p¡ Brslpk 525 hj®\u `Z S|>_p¡ R>¡. kp¡mdu kv$udp„ \C Ne¡gp hëgcpQpe®ÆA¡ `p¡s¡ Ap d|rs® fÅ¡bpC nÓpZu _pd_u `p¡sp_u rióep_¡ Ap`u lsu. DÑf âv¡$idp„ h°S> c|rd `qfkfdp„ Aph¡gp AX¡$g Npd_p d„qv$fdp„ k¢L$X$p¡ hjp£ ky^u Ap d|rs®_u `|Å \C lsu. 1839dp„ dy„bC_p c|g¡ðf Mps¡ dp¡Vy„$ d„qv$f b_phhpdp„ Apìey„ Ðepf¡ Np¡h^®_îuÆ dlpfpS>_u â¡fZp\u Ap d|rs®_u õ\p`_p L$fhpdp„ Aphu lsu. _p\Üpfp_p îu_p\Æ d„qv$f `R>u Ap d|rs® kp¥\u âpQu_ NZpe R>¡. dp¡V$p d„qv$f_p bp„^L$pddp„ s¡ kde¡ cpqV$ep rdgdprgL$p¡A¡ dy¿e apmp¡ Apàep¡ lsp¡.

c|g¡ðf_p dp¡V$p d„qv$f `pk¡ A¡L$ kde¡ 40 A¡L$f S>¡V$gu S>du_ lsu. ApS>\u 150 hj® ANpD dp¡V$p d„qv$f_u Np¥ipmpdp„ 700 Npep¡ qL$ëgp¡g L$fsu lsu. AÐepf_p Np¡õhpdu _ufS> Ly$dpf_p v$pv$p Np¡Ly$g_p\Æ dlpfpS>_¡ dy„bC_p îud„sp¡ M|b c[¼scph\u dp_sp. Ap Np¡Ly$g_p\Æ dlpfpS>_u `pgMu Äepf¡ dy„bC_p fõspAp¡ D`f _uL$msu Ðepf¡ s¡ D`pX$hp L$fp¡X$`rs i¡qW$epAp¡ `X$p`X$u L$fsp. 1958dp„ Np¡Ly$g_p\Æ dlpfpS>¡ `rågL$ V²$õV$_u õ\p`_p L$fu A_¡ d„qv$f_p¡ hluhV$ V²$õV$uAp¡_¡ kp¢`u v$u^p¡. Ðep„ ky^u Np¡h^®_ dlpfpS>_p h„ihpfkp¡ S> Ap lh¡gu_p¡ hluhV$ L$fsp lsp. Np¡Ly$g_p\Æ dlpfpS>¡ h¥óZhp¡_¡ fl¡hp dpV¡$ 165 ê$d_u QpguAp¡ b„^phu A_¡ Np¥ipmp_u S>du_ D`f vy$L$p_p¡ b_phu cpX¡$ Ap`u, Äep„ ApS>¡ õV$ug bÅf bÞey„ R>¡. ApS>¡ Np¥ipmpdp„ dp„X$ 30 Npe flu R>¡.

dy„bC dlp_Nf`prgL$pA¡ S>¡ l¡qfV¡$S> rgõV$ s¥epf L$ey¯ R>¡, s¡dp„ AÞe Bdpfsp¡_u kp\¡ dp¡V$p d„qv$f_u Ap lh¡gu_p¡ `Z kdph¡i \sp¡ lsp¡. 161 hj® S|>_u lh¡gu AÐe„s S>S>®qfs \C NC lsu A_¡ s¡_y„ kdpfL$pd \C iL¡$ s¡d _lp¡sy„ A¡V$g¡ S|>_y„ dL$p_ sp¡X$u `pX$u s¡_u S>ÁepA¡ _hu cìe lh¡gu Ecu L$fhp_u ep¡S>_p OX$pC lsu. V²$õV$uAp¡A¡ `p¡sp_u hN_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fu Ap lh¡gu_¡ l¡qfV¡$S> rgõV$dp„\u bpL$ps L$fphu lsu A_¡ s¡ `R>u lh¡gu_p¡ L¡$V$gp¡L$ cpN sp¡X$u `pX$hpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡. lh¡ _hu lh¡gu s¥epf \C Nep `R>u S>¡ S>du_ apS>g `X$i¡ Ðep„ A¡L$ AÐep^yr_L$ L$p¡dri®eg L$p¡çàg¡¼k Ecy„ L$fhp_u V²$õV$uAp¡_u ep¡S>_p R>¡. Ap k|rQs k„Ly$gdp„\u Ecu \_pfu AphL$ hs®dp_ rhhpv$_p d|mdp„ R>¡.

AÐepf¡ dp¡V$p d„qv$f_u dprgL$u_u Qpgudp„ S>¡ 165 ê$dp¡ R>¡ s¡_p¡ hluhV$ `Z Apf.A¡d.cÌ$X$ d_õhu fus¡ Qgph¡ R>¡ s¡hp¡ Apn¡` dlpfpS>îu_p¡ R>¡. Ap b^u `pOX$u_u S>Áep L$l¡hpe R>¡, A¡V$g¡ s¡_y„ h¡QpZ L$fhy„ lp¡e sp¡ V²$õV$uAp¡_u `fhp_Nu g¡hu `X¡$ R>¡. A¡L$ ê$d ^pfp¡ L¡$ v$k gpM ê$r`epdp„ h¡Qpe sp¡ s¡dp„\u ÓZ\u Qpf gpM ê$r`ep V²$õV$_¡ dm¡ Ðepfbpv$ S> cpX|$s_y„ _pd V²$pÞkaf \pe. cÌ$X$ D`f A¡hp¡ Apn¡` R>¡ L¡$ s¡Ap¡ Ap ê$r`ep_p¡ rlkpb Ap`sp _\u. Ap fus¡ L$fp¡X$p¡ ê$r`ep lS>d \C Nep lp¡hp_u i„L$p k¡hpC flu R>¡. lh¡ dp¡V$p d„qv$f_u S>du_ D`f S>¡ k„Ly$g b_i¡ s¡dp„ `Z dp¡V$u fL$d_u `pZ R>¡. Ap b^p„ L$pep£ Å¡ V²$õV$uAp¡ `p¡sp_p lõsL$ L$f¡ sp¡ s¡Ap¡ `p¡sp_p A„Ns õhp\®_¡ âp^pÞe Ap`i¡ A¡hp X$f\u dlpfpS>îu s¡d_p„ fpÆ_pdp„ dpNu füp R>¡.

dp¡V$p d„qv$f `pk¡ S>¡ S>du_ R>¡ s¡_u qL„$ds ApS>¡ AbÅ¡dp„ \hp Åe R>¡. c¼sp¡A¡ cNhp_ dpV¡$ kpQp„ lufpdp¡su, fÐ_, dpZ¡L$, kp¡_pQp„v$u hN¡f¡_p S>¡ v$pNu_p b_pìep R>¡ s¡_u Ly$g qL„$ds Apif¡ ê$. 500 L$fp¡X$ S>¡V$gu R>¡. V²$õV$ `pk¡ ApV$gu k„`rÑ lp¡hp R>sp„ Np¡õhpdu _ufS>Ly$dpf b¡ ê$d_u S>S>®qfs Mp¡gudp„ fl¡ R>¡. qfqX$a.L$p¡d kp\¡ hpsQus L$fsp„ Np¡õhpdu _ufS>Ly$dpf L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$,"lh¡gu_p N¡fhluhV$ rhi¡ Ad¡ Q¡qfV$u L$rdi_f kdn fS|>Aps L$fu R>¡ A_¡ s¡d_p lõsn¡`\u b^p V²$õV$uAp¡ fpÆ_pdp„ Ap`u v¡$i¡ s¡hu d_¡ Apip R>¡. A¡L$ hpf V²$õV$uAp¡ lV$u Åe Ðepf`R>u S> dpfp D`hpk_p„ `pfZp„ \i¡.' Np¡õhpdu lh¡ `p¡s¡ a„X$apmp¡ A¡L$W$p¡ L$fu_¡ dp¡V$p d„qv$f_p¡ rS>Zp£Ùpf L$fphhp dpN¡ R>¡, `Z L$fp¡X$ ê$r`ep_p¡ khpg A¡ R>¡ L¡$ d¡_¡tS>N V²$õV$u krls_p V²$õV$uAp¡ õh¡ÃR>pA¡ fpÆ_pdp„ Ap`u s¡ dpV¡$ dpN® dp¡L$mp¡ L$fu Ap`i¡ Mfp?

k„S>e hp¡fprgrMs L¡$d R>p¡? rhcpN_p AÞe g¡Mp¡ hp„Qhp dpV¡$ Al] [¼gL$ L$fp¡

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?