gp¡L$ipludp„ fpS> gp¡L$p¡_y„ lp¡e L¡$ kfL$pf_y„? kfL$pf_u afS> gp¡L$p¡_p„ L$pd L$fhp_u R>¡ L¡$ s¡d_¡ R>¡sfhp_u? kfL$pf âÅ_p cgp_p _pd¡ A¡hy„ rhL$pkL$pe® L$C fus¡ L$fu iL¡$ S>¡ Myv$ âÅ\u Qp¡fuR|>`u L$fhy„ `X¡$ R>¡. DdfNpd_u âÅ_¡ NyS>fps kfL$pf rhðpkdp„ L¡$d gC iL$su _\u? kfL$pf¡ iy„ Ry>`phhp_y„ R>¡? DdfNpddp„ b„^p_pfp dp¡V$p b„v$f_u kpd¡ \sp Ap„v$p¡g_ `f A¡L$ h^y qf`p¡V®$.

dy„bC\u Apif¡ 200 qL$gp¡duV$f v|$f v$qfepqL$_pf¡ Aph¡gy„ DdfNpd `l¡gu _S>f¡ S> Ndu Åe A¡hy„ R>¡. Ap rhõspf_u âÅ ApS>¡ A¡L$ rhrQÓ âL$pf_p ce l¡W$m Æhu flu R>¡. Apif¡ 2,000 S>¡V$gp NyS>fps `p¡guk A_¡ A¡k.Apf.`u._p S>hp_p¡ Al] `X$ph _pMu_¡ `X$ép R>¡. Ap rhõspfdp„ A¡L$ dlpL$pe b„v$f b„^php_y„ R>¡ s¡_p¡ rhfp¡^ L$fhp b„v$f lV$ph krdrs fQpC R>¡, S>¡_p âdyM L$_®g âsp` kph¡_¡ `p¡guk¡ dpf dpfsp„ s¡Ap¡ dy„bC_u rl„vy$Å lp¸[õ`V$gdp„ Æh_-dfZ hÃQ¡ Tp¡gp„ MpC füp R>¡. DdfNpd spgyL$p s¡d S> ApSy>bpSy>_p„ 42 Npd_p gp¡L$p¡ Al] b__pfp b„v$f_p¡ rhfp¡^ L$fu füp R>¡, `f„sy A¡d_p rhfp¡^_¡ v$bphu v¡$hp dpV¡$ R>¡ëgp L¡$V$gpL$ rv$hkp¡\u S>¡ fus¡ `p¡gukbm_p¡ D`ep¡N \C füp¡ R>¡ A¡_p\u N°pdhpkuAp¡ X$fu Nep R>¡.

L¡$fu, QuLy$, Å„by_u hpX$uAp¡\u apV$apV$ \sp Ap gugpR>d rhõspf_p¡ v$qfepqL$_pfp¡ dpR>udpfu DÛp¡N dpV¡$ kd©Ù R>¡. R>¡ëgp 20 qv$hk\u Al]_p dpR>udpfp¡ v$qfe¡ Nep _\u. b„v$f lV$ph krdrs_p ApN¡hp_ Q„Öi¡Mf kpNf¡ qfqX$a.L$p¡d_¡ L$üy„, ""DdfNpd_p v$qfepqL$_pf¡ b„v$f b_hp\u 75 lÅf\u h^y dpR>udpfp¡ b¡L$pf b_u S>i¡. DdfNpd_p¡ v$qfep¡ dpR>udpfu dpV¡$ M|b amÖz` R>¡. Al]_p v$qfepdp„\u tTNp, `p¡ç`ä¡V$ bp¡çb¡ X$L$... S>¡hu KQu ¼hp¡rgV$u_u dpR>guAp¡ dmu Aph¡ R>¡, S>¡_p r_L$pk Üpfp kfL$pf_¡ `Z rhv¡$iu lw„qX$epdZ_u L$dpZu \pe R>¡. Al] b„v$f õ\`php\u DdfNpd, _pfNp¡g, dfp¡gu\u dp„X$u_¡ v$dZ ky^u_p dpR>udpfp¡ L$pd^„^p hNf_p \C S>i¡.''

Q„Öi¡Mf S>¡hp OZp õ\pr_L$ gp¡L$p¡_y„ dp_hy„ R>¡ L¡$ DdfNpd _ÆL$_p¡ v$qfep¡ b„v$f b_phhp dpV¡$ ep¡Áe _\u. b„v$f b_phhp dpV¡$ v$qfepdp„ KX$pC Å¡CA¡. X²$pãV$ Å¡CA¡. DdfNpd_p v$qfep_u A„v$f 12 qL$gp¡duV$f ky^u S>CA¡ sp¡ S> X²$pãV$ dmu iL¡$ A¡d R>¡. Al]_p v$qfep_y„ `pZu R>uR>fy„ R>¡ A_¡ A¡ L$pfZ¡ S> Al] dpR>udpfu_p¡ ìehkpe rhL$ku i¼ep¡ R>¡.

b„v$f_u õ\p`_p_p¡ rhfp¡^ L$fhp dpV¡$ "b„v$f lV$ph krdrs' A_¡ "qL$_pfp bQph k„Oj® krdrs'_u õ\p`_p L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. Ap b„_¡ krdrsAp¡A¡ OZp¡ b^p¡ Aæepk L$fu_¡ L¡$V$guL$ _hpC `dpX¡$ s¡hu hpsp¡ ip¡^u _pMu R>¡.

1995dp„ NyS>fps kfL$pf¡ "b„v$fp¡_y„ Apep¡S>_' _pd_p¡ v$õsph¡S> âL$pris L$ep£ lsp¡. "NyS>fps d¡qfV$pBd bp¡X®' v$l¡S>, lÆfp A_¡ dfp¡gu (DdfNpd) Mps¡ b„v$fp¡ bp„^hp dpN¡ R>¡ A¡_u dprlsu Ap v$õsph¡S>dp„ lsu. cpfs_p„ b„v$fp¡_¡ b¡ cpNdp„ hl¢Qhpdp„ Apìep„ R>¡. dp¡V$p„ (dlpL$pe) b„v$fp¡ A_¡ _p_p„ b„v$fp¡. _p_p„ b„v$fp¡ bp„^hp_u kÑp L¡$ÞÖ _l], `f„sy fpÄe kfL$pf_¡ lp¡e R>¡. Å¡L¡$ Ap "_p_p„' b„v$fp¡_y„ dp` L¡$V$gy„ lp¡hy„ Å¡CA¡ A¡ rhi¡ L$pev$pdp„ L$p¡C Mygpkp¡ _l] lp¡hp\u DdfNpd _ÆL$ cpfs_y„ dp¡V$pdp„ dp¡Vy„$ b„v$f b_phhp_y„ Apep¡S>_ lp¡hp R>sp„ r_edp_ykpf A¡_¡ _p_y„ b„v$f S> NZhy„ `X¡$.

Al]_u dp¡V$p cpN_u âÅ_u aqfepv$ R>¡ L¡$ b„v$f b_phhp_y„ Apep¡S>_ L$fsp„ `l¡gp„ kfL$pf¡ N°pdhpkuAp¡_¡ rhðpkdp„ gu^p _l] ? \p¡X$p„ hjp£ `l¡gp„ DdfNpd_p v$qfepqL$_pf¡ L¡$V$gpL$ gp¡L$p¡ kh£ L$fu füp lsp Ðepf¡ A¡d_u `|R>`fR> L$fsp„ A¡hp¡ S>hpb dþep¡ L¡$ dpR>udpfp¡_u lp¡X$uAp¡_¡ gp„Nfhp dpV¡$ dfp¡gu Npd_p v$qfepqL$_pf¡ kfL$pf A¡L$-b¡ S>¡V$u bp„^hp dpN¡ R>¡ A_¡ Ap S>¡V$uAp¡_¡ f¡gh¡gpB_ Üpfp rcgpX$ ky^u Å¡X$hpdp„ Aphi¡ S>¡\u dp¡V$p„ il¡fp¡dp„ dpR>guAp¡ TX$`\u dp¡L$gu iL$pe. b„v$f bp„^hp_u L$p¡C hps_p¡ Dëg¡M L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ _lp¡sp¡. Ðepf `R>u DdfNpd_p v$qfep _ÆL$ Mp¡v$L$pd L$fsp„ L¡$V$gpL$ dpZkp¡ v¡$Mpep A¡V$g¡ Npdgp¡L$p¡A¡ A¡d_¡ `|R¹>ey„ sp¡ S>hpb dþep¡ L¡$ s¡Ap¡ Ap¡.A¡_.Æ.ku._p dpZkp¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡g_u ip¡^Mp¡m dpV¡$ s`pk L$fu füp R>¡. 1999_p a¡b°yApfudp„ Äepf¡ NpdhpkuAp¡_¡ Mbf `X$u L¡$ kfL$pf sp¡ Al] dlpb„v$f b_phhp_u ep¡S>_p b_phu flu R>¡ Ðepf¡ A¡dZ¡ afu\u `¡gp L$l¡hpsp Ap¡.A¡_.Æ.ku._p dpZkp¡_¡ `L$X$ép. s¡g ip¡^hp_y„ _pV$L$ L$f_pfpAp¡A¡ R>¡hV¡$ L$b|g L$fhy„ `X$éy„ L¡$ s¡Ap¡ Mf¡Mf sp¡ b„v$f dpV¡$ S> kh£nZ L$fu füp lsp. hV$pZp h¡fpC Nep `R>u buÆ L¡$V$guL$ rhNsp¡ `Z blpf Aphhp dp„X$u.

dy¿e â^p__u k|Q_p\u NyS>fps d¡qfV$pBd bp¡X£$ kp\u L„$`_uAp¡ _¡VëL$p¡ s¡d S> ey_p¡L$g_¡ b„v$f X¡$hg` L$fhp dpV¡$ "g¡V$f Ap¸a BÞV¡$ÞV$' (Bfpv$p`Ó) Apàep¡ lsp¡. Ap Bfpv$p`Ódp„ b„v$f_¡ rhL$kphhp_u qL„$ds ê$. 2600 L$fp¡X$ NZhpdp„ Aphu lsu.

Ap„v$p¡g_L$pfuAp¡_p L$l¡hp âdpZ¡ dp¡V$p âp¡S>¡¼V$p¡ `qf`|Z® L$fhp dpV¡$ _¡V$ëL$p¡ M|b _p_u L„$`_u R>¡. 30 gpM X$p¸gf_u h\® ^fphsu Ap L„$`_u V¡$rgap¡__p„ kp^_p¡ b_phhp_y„ L$pd L$f¡ R>¡. ey_p¡L$g L„$`_u_u d\fphV$u sp¡ d¡gu lp¡hp_p¡ Apn¡` Ap„v$p¡g__p A¡L$ AN°¡kf ApN¡hp_ fS>_u v$h¡ L$f¡ R>¡. fS>_u v$h¡A¡ qfqX$a.L$p¡d_¡ L$üy„, Ad¡qfL$p_u blzfpô²$ue L„$`_u ey_p¡L$g_u Ap¸qak L¡$rgap¡r_®epdp„ R>¡. "L$p¡`p£f¡V$ hp¸Q' _pd_u k„õ\pA¡ Ap L„$`_u dpV¡$ L$üy„ lsy„ L¡$, ey_p¡L$g õ\pr_L$ A_¡ h¥rðL$ A¡d b„_¡ `ep®hfZ_¡ âv|$rjs L$f¡ R>¡. `ep®hfZ_p âï_p¡ kp\¡ k„L$mpe¡gp vy$r_epcf_p„ 30\u h^y S|>\p¡A¡ Ap L„$`_u_u L$pdNufu_p¡ rhfp¡^ L$ep£ R>¡. Ap L„$`_u_p âp¡S>¡¼V$dp„\u _uL$msp _yL$kp_L$pfL$ âhpluA¡ L¡$rgap¡r_®epdp„ A¡L$ õ\m¡ 18 dpCg ky^u_p rhõspf_¡ hfkp¡ ky^u âv|$rjs L$ep£ lsp¡. gp„bu L$p_|_u L$pfhpC `R>u Ap L„$`_uA¡ _yL$kp_u `¡V¡$ 438 gpM X$p¸gf Q|L$hhp `X$ép lsp.

"Arhgp-buQ' _pd_p `e®V$_õ\m¡ S>m-S>du__y„ âv|$jZ a¡gphhp dpV¡$ Ap L„$`_u_¡ S>hpbv$pf W¡$fhhpdp„ Aphu lsu. ey_p¡L$g_u A¡L$ s¡g qfapB_fudp„\u R>p¡X$psp T¡fu fkpeZ_¡ L$pfZ¡ L„$`_u_p 700 L$pdv$pfp¡ A_¡ Apk`pk fl¡sp lÅfp¡ fl¡hpkuAp¡ N„cuf fp¡N_p¡ cp¡N bÞep lsp. R>¡hV¡$ L„$`_uA¡ _yL$kp__p hmsf sfuL¡$ 830 gpM X$p¡gf Q|L$hhp_y„ L$b|g L$fhy„ `X$éy„ lsy„. Ap qfapB_fudp„\u L„$`_u `p¡sp_p¡ k¡g¡r_edey¼s T¡fu L$Qfp¡ `Z kp_äp[ÞkõL$p¡ MpX$udp„ W$pghsu lsu. k¡g¡r_ed_¡ L$pfZ¡ S>ÞdÅs Mp¡X$Mp„`Z, rhL$gp„N`Ï„ s¡d S> dp¡s `Z _u`Æ iL¡$ R>¡. Ap dpV¡$ L„$`_uA¡ 5 L$fp¡X$ X$p¸gf h^pf¡ Q|L$hhp `X$i¡. Aphu bv$_pd blzfpô²$ue L„$`_u_¡ b„v$f bp„^hp_y„ L$pd L$C fus¡ kp¢`u iL$pe?

Ap„v$p¡g_L$pfuAp¡_u kp¥\u kQp¡V$ v$gug Å¡L¡$ A¡ R>¡ L¡$, Ap rhõspfdp„ L$p¡C b„v$f_u S>ê$f S> _\u. dy„bC, _hu dy„bC, L„$X$gp A_¡ `u`phph b„v$fp¡_p¡ A¡d_u ndsp_p âdpZdp„ E`ep¡N _\u \sp¡ Ðepf¡ A¡L$ _hp dlpL$pe b„v$f_u S>ê$qfeps iy„ R>¡? v$rnZ NyS>fpsdp„\u cpÁe¡ S> L„$C Apeps L¡$ r_L$pk \pe R>¡. D`f_p„ Qpf b„v$fp¡_p hpl_ìehlpf_p cp¡N¡ S> Apep¡rS>s DdfNpd-dfp¡gu_p b„v$f_p¡ rhL$pk i¼e b_i¡. L$fp¡X$p¡ X$p¸gf_p¡ MQ® L$fu_¡ _hp b„v$f_p¡ rhL$pk L$fhp_u hps L$fuA¡ Ðepf¡ S|>_p„ b„v$fp¡_¡ \sp _yL$kp_ rhi¡ `Z rhQpfhy„ Å¡CA¡. 31 dpQ® 1999A¡ `|fp \sp hj® v$frdep_ cpfsue b„v$fp¡A¡\u 25 L$fp¡X$ 10 gpM V$_ dpgkpdp__u l¡fa¡f \C lsu. 2000\u 2006 ky^udp„ Ap l¡fa¡f h^u_¡ 30.6 L$fp¡X$\u 50 L$fp¡X$ V$_ ky^u_u \hp_p¡ A„v$pS> R>¡. 2001-02 v$frdep_ dp¡V$p„ b„v$fp¡ dpfas¡ 43 L$fp¡X$ 45 gpM V$_ A_¡ _p_p„ b„v$fp¡ dpfas¡ 24 L$fp¡X$ 51 gpM V$__p dpgkpd__u l¡fa¡f \hp_p¡ A„v$pS> R>¡. Ap_u kpd¡ dpgkpdp__p l¡fa¡f_u dp¡V$p„ b„v$fp¡_u ndsp 48 L$fp¡X$ 8 gpM V$_ s¡d S> _p_p„ b„v$fp¡_u ndsp 25 L$fp¡X$ 20 gpM V$_ S>¡V$gu fl¡i¡. Ap Ap„L$X$pAp¡ S> bsph¡ R>¡ L¡$ ldZp„ S>¡ b„v$fp¡ R>¡ A¡d_u ndsp `|fsu R>¡. Apd R>sp„ crh—óedp„ Å¡ Apeps-r_L$pkdp„ A„v$pS> L$fsp„ dp¡V$p¡ h^pfp¡ \pe sp¡ `Z lpg_p„ b„v$fp¡_u ndspdp„ A_¡ kNhX$dp„ h^pfp¡ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ sp¡ L$p¡C dp¡V$u dyíL¡$gu _X¡$ _l].

A\®ip÷uAp¡_y„ `Z dp_hy„ R>¡ L¡$ L$pfZ hNf_p„ b„v$fp¡ h^pfhp_¡ bv$g¡ A¡ a„X$_p¡ D`ep¡N S>¡ b„v$fp¡ A[õsÐhdp„ R>¡ A¡d_¡ h^y Ap^yr_L$ b_phhpdp„ hp`fhp\u v¡$i_p A\®ip÷_¡ h^y apev$p¡ \C iL¡$. A_¡ kp¥\u ANÐe_u hps A¡ R>¡ L¡$ dp¡V$p„ b„v$fp¡_u Apk`pk_p rhõspfp¡A¡ S>¡ âv|$jZ_p¡ cp¡N b_hy„ `X¡$ R>¡ A¡dp„\u _hp rhõspfp¡ ENfu Åe. Ap D`fp„s _hdu `„Qhj}e ep¡S>_p_u Ahq^_¡ A„s¡ lpgdp„ A[õsÐh ^fphsp„ b„v$fp¡_y„ Mp_NuL$fZ L$fu_¡ A¡d_u ndsp 37 L$fp¡X$ 92 gpM V$_ L$fhp_y„ Apep¡S>_ `Z R>¡. rhrh^ b„v$fp¡ `f S>¡ cpfZ h^hp_y„ R>¡ A¡_u kpd¡ \e¡gy„ Ap Apep¡S>_ `|fsy„ R>¡ Ðepf¡ _hp dlpL$pe b„v$f b_phhp_u S>ê$f iy„ R>¡ A¡hp¡ âï_ b„v$frhfp¡^uAp¡ L$fu füp R>¡.

A_yk„^p_ dpV$¡$ Al] [¼gL$ L$fp¡

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?