Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Causes, Symptoms, Eating Strategy

Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, refers to a set of symptoms that indicate that the digestive tract is chronically irritated. It occurs when the body's defense system repeatedly triggers damaging responses in the gut. A non-curable disease, one can learn to manage it over time, states WebMD and Cleveland Clinic. 

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ScienceDirect says the 'global burden' of IBD has increased 47 per cent from 1990 to 2019. Approximately 4.9 million people suffer IBD worldwide (2019 stats). It is not uncommon to receive a diagnosis before turning 35, states Johns Hopkins Medicine. On World IBD Day let's understand this disease.

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Types Of IBD

Cleveland Clinic sheds light on the two main forms of IBD:

  • Crohn’s disease: Impacts any part of the digestive system, but commonly targets the lower small intestine and the start of large intestine.
  • Ulcerative colitis: Involves inflammation in the large bowel, usually beginning at the rectum and possibly extending further.
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Symptoms

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says signs of inflammatory bowel disease can vary widely in intensity, ranging from loose stools or altered bathroom habits, abdominal discomfort, extreme tiredness, feeling sick or queasy to unintentional drop in body weight.

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Causes

Mayo Clinic explains that the precise reason behind IBD is still unclear. But multiple elements may contribute, including immune system disruptions, inherited traits and environmental influences. Environmental factors could be early-life digestive infections, use of antibiotics in infancy, limited breastfeeding during babyhood.

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Managing IBD

Emotional strain and tension may aggravate your condition. WebMD suggests you find relaxation methods or means of distraction that suit you. Try breathing exercises, physical activity, writing your thoughts, or engaging in hobbies that bring you joy.

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Diet Regulation

Medical News Today believes certain daily chronicling might be helpful for those living with IBD: Recording meals and noting any digestive reactions afterwards, reducing consumption of milk-based items, cutting back on processed foods.

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Prepare A Backup Pouch

Unexpected situations are possible. Think about, says WebMD, putting together and keeping handy a small bag with extra undergarments, absorbent pads, tissues, cleansing wipes, spare medication. Even if it goes unused, simply having it nearby can offer peace of mind and boost confidence.

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Avoid Fibre-Rich Foods

In individuals with IBD, difficult-to-digest fibre from produce and unrefined grains may build up in the digestive tract, potentially leading to intense discomfort, states Johns Hopkins Medicine. But IBD has flare up and remission phases, and during remission fibre is fine, explains Healthline.

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