We live in a world where most nations depend on military power to safeguard their borders. Armed forces are seen as essential. Yet, a small number of countries have taken an entirely different route...
The Central American country saw a 44-day civil war in 1948 with 2,000 dead. At the end of the war, then president officially abolished the army redirecting funds towards education, healthcare, environment.
The NATO member has never had an army, relying on the Icelandic Coast Guard for defense and has agreements with NATO allies, including the United States, for military support if needed.
The world's smallest state -- area approx 110 acres -- maintains no army. The Swiss Guards are responsible for the Pope's safety. The Gendarmerie Corps handle policing. Italy assumes responsibility for the Vatican's defense.
The world's richest German-speaking country has a policy of neutrality. It doesn't possess an army. It was disbanded in 1868, after the Austro-Prussian war. Defense is via treaties with neighbouring countries like Switzerland & Austria.
Being the 6th smallest nation in Europe did not stop this country from declaring war on Germany in 1914, with just a 10-man strong army! Later the army was replaced by the Andorran National Police. If you own a gun, you are required to join this force!
Since gaining independence in 1962, Samoa has operated without a military. The Samoa Police Service handles internal security. Defense responsibilities are managed through a treaty with New Zealand.
After the 1989 US invasion & an uneasy relationship with its army, Panama did away with it in 1990. It now relies on the Panamanian Public Forces, including police & border security units, for maintaining order and sovereignty.
The Indian Ocean island nation has never had a standing army since gaining independence in 1968. The Special Mobile Force, a paramilitary unit under the police, ensures internal security.