X$p¡. L¡$s_ Th¡fu

hpf„hpf R>p`p„Ap¡, AÞe kpdreL$p¡ A_¡ h¥opr_L$ S>_®ëkdp„ A¡L$ Sy>W$pÏ„ R>`pep L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$, ""\p¡X$p âdpZdp„ v$pê$ `uhp\u õhpõÕe ky^f¡ R>¡.'' Ap Sy>W$pÏ„ a¡gph_pfpAp¡ `Ùrskf A¡L$_u A¡L$ hps Sy>v$p„ Sy>v$p„ õhê$`¡ A_¡ Sy>v$p Sy>v$p kde¡ fS|> L$fsp„ fl¡ R>¡, S>¡\u gp¡L$p¡ L$p¡C _¡ L$p¡C fus¡ A¡hy„ õhuL$pfhp gpN¡ L¡$ v$pê$\u apev$p¡ \pe S> R>¡. ""kp¡ hpf L$l¡hpe¡gy„ AkÐe, R>¡hV¡$ kÐe sfuL¡$ õhuL$pf `pd¡ R>¡.'' A¡hu Np¡b¡ëk_u q\efu_¡ Ap gp¡L$p¡ A_ykf¡ R>¡. v$pê$ A„N¡ Sy>W$pÏ„ a¡gphhp_y„ L$phsfy„ Ap„sffpô²$ue õsf¡ L$pd L$f¡ R>¡.

1995_u q¾$kdk_p \p¡X$p qv$hk `l¡gp„ S> qb°qVi kfL$pf¡ Ål¡f L$ey¯ L¡$, fp¡S>_p 3\u 4 eyr_V$ (A¡L$ eyr_V$ A¡V$g¡ ApW$ N°pd) ApëL$p¡lp¡g `u_pf `yfyj_¡ A_¡ 2\u 3 eyr_V$ ApëL$p¡lp¡g `u_pf ÷u_¡ L$p¡C "_p¢^`pÓ õhpõÕek„b„^u Å¡Md' Ecy„ \sy„ _\u. A¡ `l¡gp„ Ap âdpZ Ap¡Ry>„ lsy„ (A_y¾$d¡ fp¡S>_p 3 A_¡ 2 eyr_V$ h^ydp„ h^y). qb°V$_ kfL$pf_u Ap Ål¡fps_p¡ rb°V$__p S> d¡qX$L$g A¡kp¡rke¡i_¡ rhfp¡^ L$ep£ A_¡ qb°qV$i d¡qX$L$g S>_®gdp„ OZu QQp® \C A_¡ kfL$pf_u Ål¡fps `f dpR>gp„ ^p¡hpep„, `f„sy v$pê$ b_phsu L„$`_uAp¡_¡ sp¡ s¡ v$fçep_dp„ S>bfS>õs apev$p¡ \C Nep¡. A_¡ q¾$kdk v$frdep_ A¡d_y„ h¡QpZ `Z h^u Ney„!!

Ap„sffpô²$ue A_¡ fpô²$ue õsf¡ v$pê$_y„ h¡QpZ L$f_pfpAp¡_u A¡L$ M|b bmhp_ gp¡bu R>¡, S>¡ `¥kp_p Å¡f¡ A_¡L$ fpS>L$pfZuAp¡, sbubp¡, h¥opr_L$p¡ hN¡f¡_¡ _Qphu ÅZ¡ R>¡ A_¡ `p¡sp_¡ dpV¡$ gpcv$peL$ A¡hp qf`p¡V®$ A_¡ ashpAp¡ L$Y$phu g¡ R>¡. qb°qV$i kfL$pf_u Ap Ål¡fps S>¡ h¥opr_L$ qf`p¡V$p£ D`f Ap^pqfs lsu A¡dp„ dp¡V$p cpN_p qf`p¡V®$ v$pê$_y„ DÐ`pv$_ L$fsu L„$`_uAp¡ Üpfp `¥kp Ap`u_¡ L$fph¡gp lsp.

dpÓ qb°V$_dp„ S> Aphy„ Qpg¡ R>¡ A¡hy„ _\u. äpÞkdp„ v$pê$_p DÐ`pv$L$p¡A¡ ä¢Q B[ÞõV$V$éyV$ ap¡f kpB[ÞV$qaL$ qfkQ® B_ Vy$ qX²$Þ¼k _pd_u dp¡V$u "h¥opr_L$' k„õ\p Ecu L$fu R>¡ S>¡ v$f `p„Q hj£ ÅsÅs_p kh£ L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ Mp¡V¡$Mp¡V$p qf`p¡V$p£ blpf `pX$ép L$f¡ R>¡. _¡^fg¡ÞX$dp„ v$pê$_u L„$`_uAp¡A¡ "apDÞX¡$i_ ap¡f qfõ`p¡[Þkbg ApëL$p¡lp¡g eyT' _pd_u AÞe A¡L$ k„õ\p Ecu L$fu R>¡, S>¡ `Z Aphy„ S> L$pd L$f¡ R>¡. S>d®_u, Ap¡õV²¡$rgep, Ad¡qfL$p b^u S>ÁepA¡ v$pê$_y„ DÐ`pv$_ L$fsu L„$`_uAp¡_p„ ku^p L¡$ ApX$L$sfp„ S|>\ R>¡ S>¡ L$l¡hpsy„ "k„ip¡^_' L$fu_¡ v$pê$_p¡ h`fpi h^¡ A¡ dpV¡$ âeÐ_p¡ L$f¡ R>¡. A¡d_u ×rô$A¡ Aphp qf`p¡V®$ s¥epf L$fphu_¡ ârkÙ L$fhp A¡ v$pê$_u Ål¡fps_p¡ S> A¡L$ cpN R>¡.

OZp„ h¥opr_L$ S>_®gp¡dp„ R>¡ëgp L¡$V$gpL$ hMs\u A¡hu Ås_p qf`p¡V$p£ Aph¡ R>¡ L¡$, \p¡X$u dpÓpdp„ v$pê$ `u_pf ìe[¼s_y„ õhpõÕe, v$pê$ _ `u_pf L$fsp„ A_¡ h^y `X$sp¡ v$pê$ `u_pf L$fsp„ h^y kpfy„ lp¡e R>¡. ùv$efp¡N_¡ L$pfZ¡ \sp„ d©Ðey_y„ âdpZ, L$v$u v$pê$ _ `u_pf A_¡ M|b v$pê$ `u_pf Ap bÞ_¡_u kfMpdZuA¡, Ap¡R>u dpÓpdp„ v$pê$ `u_pf ìe[¼sdp„ Ap¡Ry>„ lp¡e R>¡ A¡hp¡ v$php¡ OZp h¥opr_L$ qf`p¡V®$dp„ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Aphp qf`p¡V$p£_p¡ TuZhV$`|h®L$ Aæepk L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ Ðepf¡ Mfu lL$uL$s kpd¡ Aphu. S>¡ v¡$ip¡dp„ Aphp Aæepk L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ Ðep„ kp„õL©$rsL$ ×rô$A¡ v$pê$_¡ kpdprS>L$ õhuL©$rs dm¡gu R>¡, Ap_¡ `qfZpd¡ 90 V$L$p gp¡L$p¡ ¼epf¡L$ ¼epf¡L$ v$pê$ `uh¡ R>¡.

D`fp¡¼s Aæepkdp„ S>¡ ìe[¼sAp¡ v$pê$ _lp¡su `usu A¡ ìe[¼sAp¡_p¡ Brslpk TuZhV$\u s`pksp„ dpg|d `X$éy„ L¡$ L$p„ sp¡ budpfu_¡ L$pfZ¡ A\hp ANpD v$pê$ `uhp\u ipfuqfL$ _yL$kp_ \e¡gy„ lp¡hp\u A\hp AÞe L$pfZp¡kf X$p¡¼V$f¡ d_pC afdphu lp¡e A¡hu ìe[¼sAp¡ S> v$pê$ _lp¡su `usu. õhpcprhL$ R>¡ L¡$ d|mdp„ S> ipfuqfL$ fus¡ õhõ\ _ lp¡e A¡hu ìe[¼sAp¡dp„ d©Ðey_y„ âdpZ AÞe s„vy$fõs A_¡ \p¡X$p¡L$ v$pê$ `u_pf ìe[¼s L$fsp„ h^y lp¡e! Apd v$pê$ `uhp_¡ L$pfZ¡ _l] `Z v$pê$ _ `u_pf S|>S> ìe[¼sAp¡ `l¡g¡\u budpf/Ai¼s lp¡hp_¡ gu^¡ Aæepk_y„ spfZ A¡hy„ Apìey„ L¡$ \p¡X$u dpÓpdp„ v$pê$ `u_pf ìe[¼s h^y õhõ\ lp¡e R>¡. L$p¡C qf`p¡V®$dp„ A¡hy„ sp¡ Apìey„ S> _\u L¡$ h^y dpÓpdp„ v$pê$ g¡hp\u h^y apev$p¡ \pe R>¡.

v$pê$_u L„$`_uAp¡ A¡hp¡ `Z v$php¡ L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$ v$pê$ `uhp\u A¡Q.X$u.A¡g. L$p¡g¡õV¡$fp¡g h^¡ R>¡. A¡Q.X$u.A¡g. L$p¡g¡õV¡$fp¡g h^pf¡ lp¡e sp¡ A¡\¡fp¡õ¼g¡fp¡qkk (A_¡ `qfZpd¡ Dv$¹chsp ùv$efp¡N, lpC ågX$â¡if, `¡f¡qgqkk hN¡f¡) \hp_u i¼ep OV$u Åe R>¡. Ap A„N¡ `Z h^y TuZhV$`|h®L$ Aæepk L$fsp„ S>Zpìey„ L¡$ A¡Q.X$u.A¡g. L$p¡g¡õV¡$fp¡g_p b¡ âL$pf lp¡e R>¡. A¡Q.X$u.A¡g. 2 A_¡ A¡Q.X$u.A¡g. 3. õhpõÕe dpV¡$ D`ep¡Nu Akfp¡ dy¿eÐh¡ A¡Q.X$u.A¡g. 2 L$f¡ R>¡, Äepf¡ v$pê$ `uhp\u A¡Q.X$u.A¡g. 3_y„ âdpZ h^¡ R>¡ S>¡ A¡V$gy„ D`ep¡Nu _\u. Apd, v$pê$ `uhp\u ùv$efp¡N AV$L¡$ R>¡ A¡hy„ _\u.

spS>¡sfdp„ rb°qV$i d¡qX$L$g S>_®gdp„ ârkÙ \e¡gp¡ A¡L$ Aæepk v$pê$ A_¡ õhpõÕe A„N¡_y„ Ap`Ï„ op_ h^y Qp¡½$k L$f¡ R>¡. Ap Aæepkdp„ Sy>v$p Sy>v$p âL$pf_p v$pê$_u õhpõÕe `f \su Akf A„N¡ s`pk L$fhpdp„ Aphu. hpB_, qbef A_¡ [õ`qfV$$ Ap ÓZ âL$pf_p v$pê$ `uhp\u õhpõÕe `f \su Akfp¡ s`pksp„ L¡$V$gp„L$ Qp¢L$ph_pfp„ `qfZpdp¡ dýep„. Ap ÓZ¡ `v$p\®dp„ ApëL$p¡lp¡g (Da£ v$pê$) lp¡e R>¡, A¡V$g¡ Å¡ ApëL$p¡lp¡g `uhp dpÓ\u L$p¡C apev$p¡ \sp¡ lp¡e sp¡ Ap ÓZdp„\u L$p¡C `Z âL$pf_p¡ v$pê$ `uhp\u A¡ apev$p¡ \pe, `f„sy Aæepkdp„ \p¡X$u dpÓpdp„ `Z (1) [õ`qfV$ (v¡$iu v$pê$) `uhp\u apev$p¡ \hp_¡ bv$g¡ _yL$kp_ \sy„ S>Zpey„, (2) qbef `uhp\u L$p¡C rhi¡j apev$p¡ L¡$ _yL$kp_ S>Zpep„ _l] A_¡ (3) hpB_ (Mpk L$fu_¡ f¡X$ hpB_) `u_pfpAp¡_p õhpõÕedp„ \p¡X$p¡L$ ky^pfp¡ _p¢^pep¡ (ùv$efp¡N\u \sp„ d©Ðey_y„ âdpZ Ap¡Ry>„ S>Zpey„). Ap A_¡ Ap_u S>¡hp„ AÞe Aæepkp¡\u õ`ô$ \pe R>¡ L¡$ v$pê$ (ApëL$p¡lp¡g) `uhp\u õhpõÕe_¡ L$p¡C apev$p¡ \sp¡ _\u. (_l] sp¡ L$p¡C `Z âL$pf_p v$pê$\u apev$p¡ \ep¡ lp¡s!) hpB_dp„ L¡$V$gp„L$ A¡[ÞV$Ap¡[¼kX$ÞV$ sÒhp¡ lp¡e R>¡, S>¡ ùv$efp¡N kpd¡ fnZ Ap`u iL¡$. Aphp„ A¡[ÞV$Ap¡[¼kX$ÞV$ sÒhp¡ gugp„ ipL$cpÆ A_¡ amp¡dp„ ¼ep„e h^pf¡ lp¡e R>¡. A¡[ÞV$Ap¡[¼kX$ÞV$ sÒh d¡mhhp dpV¡$ hpB__¡ bv$g¡ am_p¡ fk L¡$ ipL$cpÆ_p¡ k|` `uhp_y„ h^y õhpõÕeâv$, kõsy„ A_¡ Å¡Mdfrls R>¡. (v$pê$ `uhp_y„ lv$ blpf \C S>hp_y„ Å¡Md L$pedu fl¡gy„ lp¡e R>¡ A_¡ h^y dpÓpdp„ hpB_ `uhp\u `Z _yL$kp_ \pe S> R>¡.)

Apd, v$pê$ (ApëL$p¡lp¡g) `uhp\u õhpõÕe_¡ L$p¡C apev$p¡ \pe R>¡ A¡ hps kÐe\u h¡Nmu R>¡. v$pê$\u õhpõÕe_¡ _yL$kp_ S> \pe R>¡. A_¡ v$pê$ A„N¡_p AÐepf ky^u ârkÙ \e¡gp b^p Aæepkp¡_p¡ sgõ`i} `y_: Aæepk L$ep® `R>u ùv$efp¡N A„N¡_u Ap„sffpô²$ue Qp¡`X$u "lpV®$ qX$TuT' (k„`pv$L$- b°pD_hëX$)dp„ v$pê$ A„N¡ A„rsd hp¼e gMsp„ g¡ML$ L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$, ""AÐepf¡ ùv$efp¡N L¡$ AÞe fp¡Np¡ AV$L$phhp dpV¡$ v$pê$_y„ k¡h_ L$fhy„ Å¡CA¡ A¡hy„ g¡ML$p¡ dp_sp _\u.''

v$pê$\u L$p¡C apev$p¡ \sp¡ _\u A¡V$gy„ ÅÎep `R>u A¡_p\u iy„ _yL$kp_ \pe R>¡ A¡ `Z ÅZu g¡hy„ S>ê$fu R>¡. Ad¡qfL$p_p¡ A¡L$ A„v$pS> S>Zph¡ R>¡ L¡$ Ad¡qfL$pdp„ 90 V$L$p gp¡L$p¡ v$pê$ `uh¡ R>¡, 40\u 50 V$L$p S>¡V$gp Ad¡qfL$_ `yfyjp¡_¡ v$pê$_¡ L$pfZ¡ V|„$L$p Npmp_u sL$guap¡ \pe R>¡ A_¡ Apif¡ 10 V$L$p S>¡V$gp `yfyjp¡ A_¡ 3\u 5 V$L$p S>¡V$gu ÷uAp¡_¡ v$pê$_¡ L$pfZ¡ gp„bp Npmp_u sL$guap¡ Ecu \pe R>¡ A_¡ Ap gp¡L$p¡ AW„$N v$pê$qX$ep b_u Åe R>¡. dpÓ V|„$L$p Npmp dpV¡$ `Z h^y âdpZdp„ v$pê$ `uhp\u dp¡V$p cpN_u ipfuqfL$ budpfuAp¡ h^u Åe R>¡ A_¡ \p¡X$u dpÓpdp„ `Z v$pê$ g¡hp\u dp¡V$p cpN_u v$hpAp¡_u L$pdNufu `f rh`fus Akf `lp¢Q¡ R>¡.

v$f hj£ rhðcfdp„ S>¡V$gp„ hpl_ AL$õdpsp¡ \pe R>¡ A¡dp„\u AX$^p¡AX$^ AL$õdps dpV$¡ v$pê$ S>hpbv$pf lp¡e R>¡. 1994_u q¾$kdk_u fpÓ¡, Ad¡qfL$pdp„ Ly$g 338 d©Ðey hpl_ AL$õdps_¡ L$pfZ¡ \ep„ S>¡dp„\u 181 AL$õdps-d©Ðey dpV¡$ v$pê$ S>hpbv$pf lsp¡! lh¡ rhQpf L$fp¡ L¡$ q¾$kdk_u ApNm_p qv$hkp¡dp„ kfL$pf A¡hu Ål¡fps L$f¡ L¡$ \p¡X$p¡L$ h^y v$pê$ `uhp\u "_p¢^`pÓ õhpõÕek„b„^u Å¡Md Ecy„ \sy„ _\u' sp¡ A¡_u L¡$hu Akf `X¡$? rhðcfdp„ L¡$V$gp„ d©Ðey Aphu c°dZpAp¡ a¡gphp\u \sp„ li¡.

v$pê$_u Mfpb Akf ifuf_p„ v$f¡L¡$v$f¡L$ s„Ó `f \pe R>¡. A¡rkqX$V$u\u dp„X$u_¡ L¡$Þkf ky^u_p A_¡L$ fp¡Np¡ v$pê$_¡ L$pfZ¡ \pe R>¡. v$pê$, AÞ__mu A_¡ S>W$f_u A„s:ÐhQp_¡ _yL$kp_ `lp¢QpX¡$ R>¡ A_¡ S>W$f_u A„v$f A¡rkX$_y„ âdpZ h^pf¡ R>¡ S>¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ A¡rkqX$V$u A_¡ Aëkf S>¡hu budpfu_¡ DÑ¡S>_ dm¡ R>¡. Ap„sfX$p„_u A„s:ÐhQp_¡ _yL$kp_ \hp\u TpX$p \C iL¡$ R>¡. õhpvy$t`X$ `f OZp v$pê$qX$epAp¡_¡ kp¡Å¡ Aphu S>hp\u Ly„$`mu_p cpN¡ kMs vy$:Mphp¡ \hp_u sL$gua (`¡ÞX$uA¡V$pBqV$k) \pe R>¡.

v$pê$_u kp¥\u h^y N„cuf Akf guhf A_¡ dNS> `f \pe R>¡. v$pê$_¡ L$pfZ¡ guhfdp„ Qfbu_p¡ cfphp¡ \pe R>¡, guhf `f kp¡Å¡ Aph¡ R>¡ A_¡ R>¡ëg¡, kpÅ _ \C iL$pe A¡hu qkfp¡qkk sfuL¡$ Ap¡mMpsu guhf_u sL$gua Ecu \pe R>¡. qkfp¡qkk \hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ guhf_y„ dp¡V$p cpN_y„ L$pdL$pS> Mp¡fhpC Åe R>¡, `¡V$dp„ `pZu_p¡ cfphp¡ \pe R>¡ A_¡ OZu hpf gp¡lu_u EgV$u \pe R>¡ S>¡ ¼epf¡L$ Æhg¡Z b_u iL¡$ R>¡. guhf, õhpvy$t`X$, AÞ__mu, S>W$f, Nmp A_¡ õs__p„ L¡$Þkf \hp_u i¼esp M|b h^u Åe R>¡.

v$pê$qX$epdp„ \sp„ d©Ðey_y„ L$pfZ Å¡CA¡ sp¡, v$pê$qX$epdp„ kp¥\u h^y d©Ðey ùv$efp¡N_¡ L$pfZ¡ \pe R>¡ A_¡ buÅ _„bf¡ L¡$Þkf Aph¡ R>¡! (lh¡ rhQpfp¡, v$pê$ L$C fus¡ ùv$efp¡N AV$L$ph¡?) v$pê$_y„ k¡h_ gp„bp kde ky^u A_¡ h^y âdpZdp„ L$fhp\u L$pqX®$ep¡dpep¡`\u sfuL¡$ Ap¡mMpsu ùv$e_u õ_peyAp¡_u N„cuf AkpÝe budpfu gpNy `X¡$ R>¡. ùv$e_u Nrs Ar_erds L$fhpdp„ A_¡ ågX$â¡if h^pfhpdp„ `Z v$pê$_y„ Ars k¡h_ S>hpbv$pf R>¡.

v$pê$_p gp„bp Npmp_p h`fpi\u dNS> `f M|b S> Msf_pL$ Akfp¡ \pe R>¡. epv$i[¼s_p¡ _pi \pe A_¡ ifuf_y„ b¡g¡Þk (kdsp¡g_) Åmhhpdp„ sL$gua `X¡$ A¡ AW„$N v$pê$qX$ep_p„ gnZp¡ R>¡. L$p¡kp®L¡$V$a A_¡ hr_®¼k rkÞX²$p¡d sfuL¡$ Ap¡mMpsu budpfu v$pê$_p Ars k¡h__¡ gu^¡ S> \pe R>¡. Ap budpfudp„ v$v$} _hu L$p¡C hõsy iuMu iL$sp¡ _\u A_¡ S|>_u hõsyAp¡ `Z c|gu Åe R>¡ A_¡ `p¡s¡ c|gu _\u Nep¡ A¡hy„ v$ip®hhp Mp¡V$u hpsp¡ D`Åhu L$pY¡$ R>¡. Ap D`fp„s Ap„M_p X$p¡mp_u Nrs v$f¡L$ qv$ipdp„ \C _\u iL$su A_¡ ifuf_y„ kdsp¡g_ S>mhpsy„ _\u. R>¡hV¡$ "ApëL$p¡lp¡g qX$d¡[Þkep' sfuL¡$ Ap¡mMpsu sØ_ AkpÝe budpfu \C Åe R>¡ A_¡ v$v$}_y„ Æh_ v$p¡S>M b_u Åe R>¡.

v$pê$ `uhp_¡ L$pfZ¡ ìe[¼s Mp¡fpL$ sfa vy$g®n k¡h¡ R>¡ S>¡_¡ gu^¡ A_¡L$ Ås_p„ qhV$pqd__u EZ` v$pê$qX$epdp„ Å¡hp dm¡ R>¡. ÷uAp¡ v$pê$ `uh¡ sp¡ A¡d_p A„X$L$p¡j_y„ L$v$ OV$u Åe R>¡ A_¡ h„ÝeÐh `Z Aphu iL¡$ R>¡. OZu ÷uAp¡ _¡ v$pê$_¡ L$pfZ¡ Nc®`ps \pe R>¡ A_¡ kNcp®hõ\p v$frdep_ v$pê$ `uhp_y„ Qpgy fpM_pf dp_y„ bpmL$ Mp¡X$Mp„`Zhpmy„ Aph¡ R>¡. L¡$V$gp„e Aphp„ bpmL$p¡ dp_rkL$ fus¡ `R>ps fl¡ R>¡.

Apd, v$pê$ `uhp_¡ gu^¡ A_¡L$ Ås_u ipfuqfL$-dp_rkL$ budpfuAp¡ Aph¡ R>¡. v$pê$ `uhp_u gs L¡$ ìek_ `Z A¡L$ âL$pf_u dp_rkL$ budpfu S> R>¡, S>¡dp„\u R|>>V$hy„ dyíL¡$g lp¡e R>¡. S>¡d AauZ L¡$ AÞe "X²$Ák'_p b„^pZuAp¡ `p¡s¡ Ly$V¡$h R>p¡X$u iL$sp _\u A_¡ A¡d_p¡ kp\uv$pf Ly$V¡$h R>p¡X$hp âeÐ_ L$f¡ sp¡ afu\u iê$ L$fhp ApN°l A_¡ S>bfS>õsu L$f¡ R>¡ A¡d S> v$pê$ `u_pfp ìek_uAp¡dp„\u OZp A¡ R>p¡X$u _\u iL$sp. A_¡ A¡V$g¡ A¡_p âQpfdp„ A¡_p„ NyZNp_ Nphpdp„ gpNu Åe R>¡ A¡ v$pê$qX$eph©rÑ_y„ âv$i®_ R>¡.

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?