L¡$ÞÖ_u hpS>`¡eu kfL$pf¡ b„^pfZ_p¡ 87dp¡ ky^pfp¡ `°õsys L$fu_¡ `„QpesfpS>dp„ `uR>¡lW$_p¡ k„L¡$s Apàep¡ R>¡. gp¡L$kcp_¡ bv$g¡ fpÄekcpdp„ b„^pfZ ky^pfp_p¡ Ap MfX$p¡ Nep qX$k¡çbfdp„ v$pMg \ep¡ s¡ `R>u MfX$p A„N¡ A¡L$pv$-b¡ W¡$L$pZ¡\u rhfp¡^_p¡ k|f EW$ép¡ R>¡ Mfp¡. `f„sy A¡ rkhpe Ap AÐe„s rhhpv$põ`v$ MfX$p A„N¡ _\u QQp® \C L¡$ _\u Elp`p¡l \ep¡ s¡ k|QL$ R>¡. A¡d L$l¡hpdp„ Arsiep¡[¼s _l] NZpe L¡$ N°pduZ cpfs L¡$ `R>u N°pduZ NyS>fpsdp„ S>¡ L„$C \C füy„ R>¡ s¡ rhi¡ rhQpfiug hN® Dv$pku_ fl¡ R>¡ A\hp D`¡np k¡h¡ R>¡.

Å¡ b„^pfZ_p 87dp ky^pfp_p¡ MfX$p¡ `kpf \pe sp¡ kdN° v¡$idp„ `„Qpes õsf¡ gp¡L$iplu_p„ d|mc|s d|ëep¡_y„ ^p¡hpZ iê \i¡. AÐepf¡ b„^pfZ_p 73dp ky^pfp `R>u_u ìehõ\p A_ykpf `„QpesfpS>_p `pep h^y dS>b|s bÞep R>¡ s¡d S> gp¡L$cpNuv$pfu h^u R>¡. b„^pfZ_p¡ 73dp¡ ky^pfp¡ 1993\u Adgdp„ Apìep¡ Ðepf bpv$ kOmp„ fpÄep¡_¡ `p¡s`p¡sp_p `„Qpes ^pfpdp„ a¡fapf L$fhp_u afS> `X$u. S>¡ a¡fapfp¡ \ep s¡dp„ `„QpesfpS>_p ÓZ¡e õsf¡ A¡V$g¡ L¡$ N°pd õsf¡, spgyL$p õsf¡ s¡d S> rS>ëgp õsf¡ gp¡L$p¡ Üpfp ku^p Q|„V$pe¡gp `°rsr_r^Ap¡_¡ kÑp kp„`X$u. kps hj® `R>u lh¡ S>¡ ky^pfp¡ fS|> \ep¡ R>¡ s¡dp„ ÓZdp„\u b¡ õsf¡ ku^p Q|„V$pe¡gp `°rsr_r^Ap¡_¡ õ\p_¡ `fp¡n fus¡ r_dpe¡gp `°rsr_r^Ap¡ kÑpdp„ Aph¡ s¡ dpV¡$_p¡ dpN® dp¡L$mp¡ \C füp¡ R>¡.

Ap sb½¡$ A¡hp¡ `°ï_ S>êf EW$i¡ L¡$ L¡$ÞÖ kfL$pf_¡ `„QpesfpS>dp„ a¡fapf L$fhp_y„ L¡$d S>êfu gpÁey„? A¡hy„ s¡ iy„ \ey„ L¡$ S>¡_¡ gu^¡ NpdX$pAp¡dp„ kÑp hl¢Qpe s¡hp„ `Ngp„ g¡hp_¡ bv$g¡ kÑp_y„ Ap¡R>p _¡$ Ap¡R>p lp\p¡dp„ L¡$ÞÖuL$fZ \pe s¡hu qv$ipdp„ `Ngy„ dyL$pC füy„ R>¡? hpS>`¡eu kfL$pf_p A„sf„N k|Óp¡_p S>Zpìep `°dpZ¡ Ap„^° `°v¡$i_p dy¿ed„Óu îu Q„Öbpby _peXy Ap„^° `°v¡$i_p `„QpesfpS>dp„ a¡fapfp¡ L$fhp d½$d R>¡. lh¡ 73dp ky^pfp_¡ gu^¡ S>¡ b„^pfZue ìehõ\p Adgdp„ R>¡ s¡dp„ L¡$ÞÖ kfL$pf rkhpe a¡fapf i¼e _\u. Å¡ _hp¡ b„^pfZue ky^pfp¡ L¡$ÞÖ kfL$pf v$pMg _ L$f¡ sp¡ Ap„^° `°v¡$i_p¡ `„Qpes^pfp¡ bv$gu iL$pe _l] s¡d S> dy¿ed„Óu _peXy$_p d_p¡f\ `|fp \pe _l]. kpv$u cpjpdp„ L$luA¡ sp¡ qdî kfL$pf_u M¢QspZ `„QpesfpS>_p `pep_¡ L„$`phu flu R>¡.

b„^pfZ_p k|rQs 87dp ky^pfp_p¡ MfX$p¡ s¡_p Apf„cdp„ A¡hy„ S>Zph¡ R>¡ L¡$ AÐepf¡ S>¡ `„QpesfpS> R>¡ s¡dp„ spgyL$p õsf¡ s¡d S> rS>ëgp õsf¡ Q|„V$pe¡gp `°rsr_r^Ap¡ `pk¡ L$p¡C kp\®L$ L¡$ dlÒh`|Z® c|rdL$p Av$p L$fhp_u lp¡su _\u. A_¡, `„Qpes_p ÓZ¡e õsf hÃQ¡ Æh„s L$p¡-Ap¡qX®$_¡i_ _\u s\p NpdX$p_u `„Qpes_p AÝen A¡V$g¡ L¡$ kf`„Q s¡d S> spgyL$p õsf_u `„Qpes_p AÝen_u rS>ëgp õsf_u `„Qpesdp„ L$p¡C `°cphipmu c|rdL$p fl¡su _\u; `qfZpd¡ ÓZ õsf_u lpg_u `„Qpesdp„ rhfp¡^pcpk A_¡ rhk„hpv$ kÅ®e R>¡ S>¡ v|$f L$fhp dpV¡$ 87dp¡ ky^pfp¡ L$fhp_y„ S>êfu bÞey„ R>¡.

S>¡ ky^pfp¡ MfX$pdp„ k|Qhpep¡ R>¡ s¡ `°dpZ¡ b„^pfZ_u L$gd f43 ku-fdp„ _hu `¡V$pL$gd Dd¡fpi¡ A_¡ fpÄe kfL$pf_¡ kÑp dmi¡ L¡$ s¡ `p¡sp_p `„Qpes^pfpdp„ ep¡Áe ky^pfp Üpfp _uQ¡ `°dpZ¡ Å¡NhpCAp¡ L$fu iL¡$ :
(L$) spgyL$p õsf_u `„Qpes_u b¡W$L$p¡ NpdX$p„Ap¡_p kf`„Qp¡ Üpfp cfhpdp„ Aph¡;
(M) rS>ëgp õsf¡, Äep„ spgyL$p õsf_u `„Qpes _\u A¡hp„ fpÄep¡dp„, rS>ëgp `„Qpes_u b¡W$L$p¡ ku^u kf`„Qp¡ Üpfp cfhpdp„ Aph¡; s¡d S>
(N) rS>ëgp õsf¡, Äep„ spgyL$p õsf_u `„Qpes R>¡ A¡hp fpÄep¡dp„ rS>ëgp `„Qpes_u b¡W$L$p¡-spgyL$p `„Qpes_p AÝenp¡ Üpfp cfhpdp„ Aph¡. dsgb L¡$ Q|„V$Zu _l]. s¡_u S>ÁepA¡ _p¡rd_¡i_.
(hp„Qp¡ : _¡spAp¡_p QdQpAp¡_u r_dZ|L$)

A¡ õhe„õ`ô$ R>¡ L¡$ 87dp¡ b„^pfZue ky^pfp¡ hpõshdp„ spgyL$p õsf¡ s¡d S> rS>ëgp õsf¡ ku^u Q|„V$Zu_u bpv$bpL$u L$fu _pMhp ^pf¡ R>¡. AÐepf¡ NpdX$p_p¡ _pNqfL$ `p¡sp_u `„Qpes D`fp„s spgyL$p `„Qpes_p kæep¡ s¡d S> rS>ëgp `„Qpes_p kæep¡_u ku^u Q|„V$Zu L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ `„QpesfpS>_p ÓZ¡e õsf¡ `p¡sp_p dspr^L$pf_p¡ D`ep¡N L$f¡ R>¡. lh¡ s¡_p dspr^L$pf D`f L$p` Aphi¡ s\p spgyL$p `„Qpes_p kæep¡ A_¡ rS>ëgp `„Qpes_p kæep¡_u hfZudp„ s¡_u L$p¡C c|rdL$p fl¡i¡ _l].

NyS>fps_p k„v$c®dp„ rhQpfuA¡ sp¡ ky`¡f¡ kdÅi¡ L¡$ k|rQs b„^pfZue ky^pfp_u Akf L¡$hu A_¡ L¡$V$gu rh`fus \i¡. NyS>fps `„Qpes ^pfp-1993_u L$gd-10 S>Zph¡ R>¡ L¡$ "spgyL$p `„Qpes_p Q|„V$pe¡gp kæep¡, spgyL$p_p gpeL$ps ^fphsp dsv$pfp¡dp„\u Q|„V$hp Å¡CA¡'. A¡ S> fus¡ L$gd-11 S>Zph¡ R>¡ L¡$ "rS>ëgp `„Qpes_p Q|„V$pe¡gp kæep¡, rS>ëgp_p gpeL$ps ^fphsp dsv$pfp¡dp„\u Q|„V$pe¡gp lp¡hp Å¡CA¡'. Ap bÞ_¡ L$gdp¡ A_ykpf spgyL$p L$np_u `„Qpesp¡ s¡d S> rS>ëgp L$np_u `„Qpesp¡dp„ ku^u Q|„V$Zu_u Å¡NhpC R>¡. Å¡ b„^pfZue ky^pfp¡ `kpf \i¡ sp¡ NyS>fps kfL$pf `„Qpes ^pfpdp„ ky^pfp¡ L$fu_¡ ku^u Q|„V$Zu_¡ qsgp„S>qg Ap`u iL$i¡ s¡d S> kf`„Qp¡_¡ D`f_u `„Qpesp¡dp„ hfZu L$fhp_p¡ Ar^L$pf dmu S>i¡. Ap`Zu gp¡L$kcp-fpÄekcpdp„ dsv$p_-dsv$psp_u S>¡ `°Zpgu R>¡ s¡_y„ Dv$plfZ gCA¡ sp¡ S>Zpi¡ L¡$ _hp b„^pfZue ky^pfp\u spgyL$p-rS>ëgp õsf_u `„Qpesp¡ ÅZ¡ L¡$ gp¡L$kcp_¡ bv$g¡ fpÄekcp S>¡hu b_u fl¡i¡.

v¡$i_p DÑf_p„ fpÄep¡_u kfMpdZudp„ NyS>fps, dlpfpô$², L$Zp®V$L$ s¡d S> `qòd b„Npmdp„ `„QpesfpS> h^y `°cphipmu Y„N\u L$pd L$fu füy„ R>¡. `°cphipmu Y„N_p¡ A¡hp¡ dsgb _uL$mu iL¡$ s¡d _\u L¡$ gp¡L$iplu_u, rhL¡$ÞÖuL$fZ_u (kÑp_¡ h^y lp\p¡dp„ hl¢Qhp_u) cph_p Ap b^p„ fpÄep¡dp„ ìep`L$ R>¡. hpõsrhL$sp A¡hu R>¡ L¡$ DÑf_p„ tlv$ucpju fpÄep¡dp„, dÝe `°v¡$i_¡ bpv$ L$fsp„ bpL$u_p„ fpÄep¡dp„, `„QpesfpS>_p¡ `pep¡ S> `pL$p¡ \ep¡ _\u. v$peL$pAp¡ ky^u Q|„V$ZuAp¡ ep¡Åe _l] s¡d S> NpdX$p„Ap¡dp„ rinZ L¡$ õhpõÕe_u kyrh^pAp¡_y„ W¡$L$pÏ„ _\u lp¡sy„. kÑp_y„ rhL¡$rÞÖs dpmMy„ ÅZ¡ L¡$ fQpe S> _l] s¡hy„ kh®kpdpÞe b_u Ney„ R>¡. Ap b^p„ fpÄep¡_u syg_pdp„ NyS>fps_y„ `„QpesfpS> OÏ„ rhL$rks õhê` `pçey„ R>¡. gNcN r_erds Q|„V$ZuAp¡ ep¡Åe R>¡, `„Qpes_p `v$pr^L$pfuAp¡ ep¡S>_p OX¡$ R>¡ s¡d S> Adgdp„ `Z d|L¡$ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ `qfZpd¡ rinZ L¡$ õhpõÕe k¡hpAp¡ s\p fõspAp¡ KX$pZ_p„ NpdX$p„Ap¡ ky^u `lp¢Qu i¼ep R>¡.

AgbÑ, NyS>fps_p `„QpesfpS>dp„ `°cphipmu oprsAp¡ L¡$ oprsS|>\p¡_y„ hQ®õh AL$b„^ füy„ R>¡. kp¥fpô$²dp„ `pV$uv$pfp¡ L¡$ v$fbpfp¡_y„ Apr^`Ðe fl¡ A_¡ DÑf-dÝe NyS>fpsdp„ rS>ëgp õsf¡ `pV$uv$pfp¡_y„ ipk_ `°hs£ A¡ ApdA_ych R>¡. gp¡L$iplu `°ZpguAp¡ S>¡d S>¡d b„^psu Åe, dS>b|s b_su Åe s¡d s¡d `°cphipmu kdyv$pep¡ `p¡sp_u ApZ rhõspfhp_p¡ `°eÐ_ _ L$f¡ sp¡ S> _hpC L$l¡hpe. `f„sy S>¡ ENsp kdyv$pep¡ lp¡e, _hu _hu kÝ^fsp kp\¡ L¡$ k„Obm kp\¡ ApNm Aphsp kd|lp¡, S|>\p¡, kdyv$pep¡ lp¡e s¡ `Z `p¡sp_u "S>Áep' Mfu L$fhp_p¡ A_¡ rhõspfhp_p¡ `°eÐ_ L$fhp_p„- d\pdZ L$fhp_p„! v$rnZ NyS>fpsdp„ L$p¡mu `V¡$g L¡$ kp¥fpô$²dp„ L$p¡mu kdpS> DÑfp¡Ñf h^y fpS>L$ue kÑp lp„kg L$fhp `„QpesfpS>dp„ `p¡sp_p¡ AhpS> byg„v$ b_¡ s¡ dpV¡$ L$p¡C L$kf R>p¡X$hp_p _l]. kyfs S>¡hp Apqv$hpkublzg rS>ëgpdp„ Apqv$hpku _¡spNufu S>¡ fus¡ rhL$ku s¡dp„ `„QpesfpS>_p¡ apmp¡ _p_p¡k|_p¡ _\u. Apd NyS>fps_p„ NpdX$p„Ap¡dp„, kpdprS>L$ q`fpqdX$dp„ riMf\u _uQ¡ kÑp `°kfu R>¡ s¡dp„ `„QpesfpS> A_¡ ku^u Q|„V$ZuAp¡A¡ blz dlÒh_p¡ apmp¡ Apàep¡ R>¡.

gp¡L$iplu `f„`fp A_¡ d|ëep¡_p ìep`L$ `qf`°¡ÿedp„ Å¡CA¡ sp¡ hpS>`¡eu kfL$pf Üpfp `°õsys b„^pfZue ky^pfp¡ Ly$^pfp¡ R>¡ A¡V$gy„ S> _l] dp¡V$u `uR>¡lW$ R>¡. v¡$idp„ gp¡L$iplu_p S>s_ dpV¡$ BÃRy>L$ kp¥ rhQpfh„sp¡ 87dp b„^pfZue ky^pfp A„N¡ ìep`L$ S>_ds s¥epf L$fi¡ A¡hu Apip fpMuA¡.

ANpD_p g¡Mp¡
cpS>`¡ `yfyjp¡Ñd kp¡g„L$u_¡ `°^p_ b_phhp L¡$d `X$ép A¡ dyØp_p¡ khpg R>¡
NyS>fps_p Apqv$hpkuAp¡dp„ A_pdssfau Ap„v$p¡g_
qaÆ_p„ sp¡ap_p¡_¡ L$pfZ¡ NyS>fpsdp„ tQsp
Q„v$_ cfu smphX$u, dp¡suX¡$ bp„^u `pþe
rhL$pkL$pe®dp„ S>¡_u S>du_ Åe s¡_¡ KQy„ hmsf dmhy„ S>ê$fu
Æh__y„ buSy>„ _pd A¡V$g¡ ^ud¡ `Ng¡ _ÆL$ Aphsy„ dp¡s
DdfNpd- kpNfL$p„W¡$ ApN
`pZu_p¡ enâï_ A_¡ A^|fp DÑfp¡
NyS>fps_p„ gp¡L$hpÛp¡ cygpC füp„ R>¡
105 NyS>fpsu dpR>udpfp¡ `pqL$õsp__u S>¡gdp„

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?