qL$Þ_f ApQpe®

^fsu_u kp\¡ kp\¡ cph_Nf_u âÅ `Z ^°|Æ flu R>¡. 13 Ap¡NõV$¡ \e¡gp 4.4 rfQf õL¡$g_p c|L„$` `R>u NC L$pg¡ spfuM f1Ap¡NõV$_p qv$hk¡ kp¥fpô²$_p Ap il¡fdp„ afu A¡L$ c|L„$`_p¡ Ap„QL$p¡ Apìep¡ lsp¡. cph_Nf_p kfL$uV$ lpDkdp„ s\p Op¡Op spgyL$p_p dpdkp Npd_u âp\rdL$ ipmpdp„ b¡kpX$hpdp„ Aph¡gp rkõdp¡N°pa e„Ódp„ Ap c|L„$`_u suh°sp f.` qfQf õL¡$g _p¢^pC R>¡ A¡d kÑphpf kp^_p¡A¡ S>Zpìey„ lsy„. Ap c|L„$`_u Ahr^ 80 k¡L$ÞX$ lsu.

cph_Nfdp„ kÅ®e¡gu c|L„$`_u Ap lpfdpmp_¡ L$pfZ¡ âÅdp„ ce a¡gpC Nep¡ R>¡. NC L$pg¡ c|L„$`_p Ap„QL$p_p¡ A_ych L$fsp„h¡s S> gp¡L$p¡ `p¡sp_p Ofdp„\u blpf Aphu Nep lsp A_¡ kX$L$p¡ `f S> fpd^|_ bp¡gphhp dp„X$ép lsp. ANpD Aph¡gp c|L„$` kde¡ `Z gp¡L$p¡A¡ fõsp `f S> fps rhsphu lsu, fpd^|_ bp¡gphu lsu A_¡ awV$`p\ `f S> S>dZ Apfp¡Áey„ lsy„. c|L„$`_u `qf[õ\rs_p¡ spN d¡mhhp qv$ëlu\u Aph¡gp r_óZps Apf.L¡$. gM_`pg L$l¡ R>¡, "cph_Nf_u [õ\rs blz N„cuf _\u. gp¡L$p¡A¡ blz Ncfphp_u S>ê$f _\u.'

Apf. L¡$. gM_`pg S>¡hp¡ S> ds c|õsfip÷u bu. L¡$. fõsp¡Nu_p¡ `Z R>¡. bu. L¡$. fõsp¡Nu l¥v$fpbpv$_u _¡i_g rS>ep¡qarTL$g qfkQ® BÞõV$uVéyV$_p hqf›$ h¥opr_L$ R>¡. spS>¡sfdp„ s¡Ap¡ cph_Nf Apìep lsp A_¡ A¡L$ kdpfp¡ldp„ A¡dZ¡ L$üy„ L¡$, "cpfsdp„ AÞe cpNp¡ L$fsp„ kp¥fpô²$dp„ ^fsuL„$`_u i¼esp M|b S> Ap¡R>u R>¡. c|L„$`_u i¼esphpmp rhõspfp¡ rkõdp¡Tp¡_ sfuL¡$ Ap¡mMpe R>¡. s¡dp„ `Z rkõdp¡Tp¡_-1, rkõdp¡Tp¡_-f S>¡hu k„opAp¡ R>¡. S>¡d S>¡d Ap Ap„L$ KQp¡ S>sp¡ Åe s¡d s¡_u i¼esp, s¡_u suh°sp_u i¼esp h^su Åe R>¡. rldpge_p¡ rhõspf rkõdp¡Tp¡_-` A_¡ 6dp„ Aph¡ R>¡. cph_Nf_p¡ rhõspf rkõdp¡Tp¡_-3dp„ Aph¡ R>¡ s¡\u Ap rhõspfdp„ dp¡V$p c|L„$`_u i¼esp blz Ap¡R>u R>¡.' Å¡L¡$ ANpD dlpfpô²$_y„ gps|f `Z rkõdp¡Tp¡_-1dp„ Aphsy„ lsy„ `f„sy 1993_p c|L„$` `R>u A¡ rkõdp¡Tp¡_-`dp„ Aphu Ney„ R>¡.

cph_Nf_p gp¡L$p¡_¡ lh¡ gps|f_p¡ c|L„$` A_¡ s¡_u cep_L$sp epv$ Aphu flu R>¡. Å¡L¡$ kp¥fpô²$dp„ gps|f_y„ `y_fphs®_ \hp_u i¼esp _rlhs¹ R>¡. A¡hy„ r_óZps Qu_ycpC h¥ï_h_y„ dp_hy„ R>¡. s¡Ap¡ rb°V$__u ÅZusu MNp¡mue k„õ\p "fp¡eg A¡õV²$p¡_p¡qdL$g kp¡kpeV$u'_p hqf›$ k„ip¡^L$ flu Q|¼ep R>¡. lpg s¡Ap¡ fpS>L$p¡V$dp„ õ\peu \ep R>¡. s¡dZ¡ vy$r_epcf_u h¡^ipmpAp¡ A_¡ rhð_p„ MNp¡m-c|Np¡m_p¡ KX$p¡ Aæepk L$ep£ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ gNsp„ lÅfp¡ NprZqsL$ k|Óp¡ `Z s¥epf L$ep¯ R>¡. s¡Ap¡ L$l¡ R>¡, "c|L„$` A_¡ ÄhpmpdyMu_y„ ip÷ Qp¡½$k âL$pf_p MNp¡mue NrZs `f Ap^pfus R>¡.

B. k. 1668dp„ rk„^dp„ \e¡gp c|L„$`_u Akf kp¥fpô²$dp„ R>¡L$ Ap hj£ \C R>¡. ^fsuL„$` A¡ c|õsfue kdeQ¾$_u OVdpm_y„ `qfZpd R>¡ s¡\u v$f f6 hj®, `7 hj® A_¡ 83 hj£ N°ldpmpdp„ S>¡ Qp¡½$k âL$pf_p a¡fapf \pe R>¡ s¡_u Akfê$`¡ `©Õhu `f ^fsuL„$` A_¡ ÄhpmpdyMu S>¡hu vy$O®V$_p kÅ®e R>¡. L$ÃR>dp„ B.k. 176f, 1819 A_¡ 184`dp„ c|L„$` \ep lsp. 184`_p c|L„$`_y„ L¡$ÞÖ Xy„$Nfp¡dp„ lsy„. NyS>fpsdp„ A¡L$dpÓ L$ÃR> S> A¡hp¡ rhõspf R>¡ Äep„ dp¡V$p c|L„$`_u i¼esp R>¡. 176fdp„ L$ÃR>dp„ A¡V$gp¡ cep_L$ c|L„$` \ep¡ lsp¡ L¡$ Al]_p fZ_p¡ dp¡V$p cpN_p¡ rhõspf _uQpZdp„ Aphu Nep¡ lsp¡. 1819dp„ \e¡gp c|L„$`¡ L$ÃR>_p c|õsfdp„ dp¡V$u qsfpX$p¡ `pX$u v$u^u. A¡ c|L„$`_¡ L$pfZ¡ kp¥fpô²$_y„ Å¡qX$ep b„v$f k„`|Z®`Z¡ _pi `pçey„ lsy„.'

s¡d_p ds dyS>b c|L„$`_u Qp¡½$k ApNplu `Z \C iL¡$ R>¡. Å¡L¡$ c|õsfip÷uAp¡ Ap hps kp\¡ klds _\u, `Z Qu_ycpC h¥ï_h¡ 7 kàV¡$çbf, 1997_p qv$hk¡ ApNplu L$fu lsu L¡$ Å`p__p kdyÖdp„ S>bfp¡ c|L„$` \i¡ S>¡ k„`|Z®`Z¡ kpQu `X$u lsu. s¡d_p dp_hp dyS>b 1980\u c|L„$` s\p ÄhpmpdyMu_p õap¡V$_y„ _hy„ Q¾$ iê$ \pe R>¡ s¡_p L$pfZ¡ L$píduf, rblpf, Apkpd A_¡ b„Ngp v¡$i_¡ s\p L$ÃR>_¡ OZu rh`fus Akf \i¡, kp¥fpô²$¡ Mpk Ncfphp S>¡hy„ _\u. `Z cph_Nf_u âÅ_p¡ X$f Ap b^u V¡$[¼_L$g hpsp¡ v|$f L$fu iL$u _\u. s¡Ap¡ kl¡S> õhõ\ \pe R>¡ Ðep„ ^fsuL„$`_p Ap„QL$p A¡d_¡ lQdQphu Åe R>¡.

kp¥fpô²$_¡ lQdQphsp ^fsuL„$`_p Ap„QL$p
kp¥fpô²$_¡ lQdQphsp ^fsuL„$`_p Ap„QL$p (ANpD_p¡ qf`p¡V®$)

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?