17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
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Some companies spend a lot on research and development to stay ahead in business. Booz & Company, a consultancy, has ranked firms based on R & D spending in 2011.
Let's take a look at some of these companies.
Source: The Economist
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Image: The skyline of Frankfurt is pictured from top floor of the headquarters of the European Central Bank.
Photographs: Kai Pfaffenbach/Reuters
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
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Toyota
Country: Japan
R&D spending (2011): $9.9 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 4.2 per cent
Global rank: 1
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Image: Toyota Motor Corp's Lexus brand concept vehicles LF-S, left, and LF-C, right, are displayed in Tokyo.
Photographs: Yuriko Nakao/Reuters
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
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Novartis
Country: Switzerland
R&D spending (2011): $9.7 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 16.4 per cent
Global rank: 2
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Image: Production plant of the pharmaceutical company Novartis in Schweizerhalle near Basel, Switzerland.
Photographs: Christian Hartmann/Reuters
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
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Roche
Country: Switzerland
R&D spending (2011): $9.6 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 19.6 per cent
Global rank: 3
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Image: Cars drive past the headquarters of Swiss pharmaceutical company Roche in Basel, Switzerland.
Photographs: Arnd Wiegmann/Reuters
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
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Pfizer
Country: The United States
R&D spending (2011): $9.5 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 13.5 per cent
Global rank: 4
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Image: People pass the entrance of Pfizer World headquaters in New York City.
Photographs: Jeff Christensen/Reuters
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
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Microsoft
Country: The United States
R&D spending (2011): $9.4 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 12.9 per cent
Global rank: 5
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Image: A view of Microsoft Corporation headquarters in Issy-les-Moulineaux near Paris.
Photographs: Charles Platiau/Reuters
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
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Samsung
Country: South Korea
R&D spending (2011): $9.4 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 6.1 per cent
Global rank: 6
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Image: An employee of Samsung Electronics walks past LED lighting drums displayed for visitors at a showroom in Seoul.
Photographs: Jo Yong hak/Reuters
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
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Merck
Country: The United States
R&D spending (2011): $8.4 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 17.6 per cent
Global rank: 7
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Image: Merck Serono's headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland.
Photographs: Denis Balibouse/Reuters
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
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Intel
Country: The United States
R&D spending (2011): $8.3 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 15.5 per cent
Global rank: 8
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Image: An Intel Core Duo advertisement outside a computer shop in Beijing.
Photographs: Claro Cortes/Reuters
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
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General Motors
Country: The United States
R&D spending (2011): $8.1 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 5.4 per cent
Global rank: 9
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Image: The city of Detroit skyline, including General Motors Global Headquarters, is seen along the Detroit River from Windsor, Canada.
Photographs: Rebecca Cook/Reuters
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
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Nokia
Country: Finland
R&D spending (2011): $7.8 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 14.5 per cent
Global rank: 10
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Image: German headquarters of Nokia Siemens Networks in Munich.
Photographs: Michaela Rehle/Reuters
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
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Volkswagen
Country: Germany
R&D spending (2011): $7.7 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 3.5 per cent
Global rank: 11
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Image: Volkswagen cars are pictured in a delivery tower at the company's headquarters in Wolfsburg, Germany.
Photographs: Fabian Bimmer/Reuters
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
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Johnson & Johnson
Country: Germany
R&D spending (2011): $7.6 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 11.6 per cent
Global rank: 12
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Image: Products made by Johnson & Johnson for sale in Westminster, Colorado, United States.
Photographs: Rick Wilking/Reuters
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
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Sanofi
Country: France
R&D spending (2011): $6.3 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 14.4 per cent
Global rank: 13
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Image: Sanofi-Aventis headquarters in Paris.
Photographs: John Schults/Reuters
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
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Panasonic
Country: Japan
R&D spending (2011): $6.2 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 6.6 per cent
Global rank: 14
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Image: A man looks at Panasonic's Viera televisions displayed at an electronic store in Tokyo.
Photographs: Yuriko Nakao/Reuters
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
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Honda
Country: Japan
R&D spending (2011): $6.2 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 6.5 per cent
Global rank: 15
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Image: Honda's concept car in Bangkok.
Photographs: Chaiwat Subprasom/Reuters
17 companies spending most on R&D in the world
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GlaxoSmithKline
Country: The United Kingdom
R&D spending (2011): $6.1 billion
R&D spending as per cent of sales: 14.3 per cent
Global rank: 16
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Image: GlaxoSmithKline's headquarters in west London.
Photographs: Toby Melville/Reuters
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